{"id":9738,"date":"2026-01-20T09:22:49","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T09:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/?p=9738"},"modified":"2026-01-20T09:22:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T09:22:51","slug":"normally-open-vs-normally-closed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/normally-open-vs-normally-closed\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cTh\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf\u201d so v\u1edbi \u201cTh\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng\u201d: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u quy v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n: m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1eadt hay t\u1eaft? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c g\u1eb7p tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf (NO)<\/strong> v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng (NC)<\/strong>. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t r\u01a1-le l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean hay l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac PLC (B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh) ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a logic \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng\u201d so v\u1edbi \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf\u201d. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd an to\u00e0n khi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a NO v\u00e0 NC: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u201ctr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cv\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a NO v\u00e0 NC. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf\u201d (NO) v\u00e0 \u201cth\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng\u201d (NC), ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean k\u1ec7, ho\u1eb7c khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0o (v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf (NO):<\/strong> \u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cm\u1edf\u201d, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y qua. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0y v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t, bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau. H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u k\u00e9o ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e2ng l\u00ean; c\u00e1c xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t) h\u1ea1 c\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng (\u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ea1ch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng (NC): <\/strong>\u1ede tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y t\u1ef1 do. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh; trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i qua c\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea7u l\u00ean (m\u1edf ra<\/strong> (\u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng) \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao th\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t n\u00fat b\u1ea5m c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf<\/strong> c\u00e1c n\u00fat m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chu\u00f4ng c\u1eeda). M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 khi nh\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u00fat, m\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft (nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00fat \u201cD\u1eebng\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"c\u00f4ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf so v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng: Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 khi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh trong logic ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn NO hay NC kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 m\u00e1y mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    So s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf (NO)<\/td>Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng (NC)<\/td><\/tr>
    Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i<\/td>M\u1ea1ch h\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c)<\/td>M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng (T\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c)<\/td><\/tr>
    H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\u0110\u00f3ng m\u1ea1ch (\u201cK\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u201d)<\/td>M\u1edf m\u1ea1ch (ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cNg\u1eaft\u201d)<\/td><\/tr>
    K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng\/h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n<\/td>M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e9o n\u1ed1i hai \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td><\/tr>
    M\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng<\/td>Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng khi \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cM\u1edf\u201d (n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01a1le)<\/td><\/tr>
    T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ed7i<\/td>M\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i M\u1edf<\/td>M\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201c\u0110\u00f3ng\u201d<\/td><\/tr>
    M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh<\/td>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\/Ch\u1ea1y, logic chung<\/td>\u0110i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng an to\u00e0n, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cMake\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cBreak\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y: ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NO th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cLo\u1ea1i A\u201d, c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cLo\u1ea1i B\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 logic SPDT v\u00e0 DPDT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc NO ho\u1eb7c NC \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 hai c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cPole\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cThrow\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • SPDT<\/strong> (<\/strong>M\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c, hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/strong>):<\/strong> Linh ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c chung (COM) v\u00e0 hai c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra: m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c NO v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c NC. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u201cchuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch\u201d. Khi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9, c\u1ef1c COM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c NC. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, c\u1ef1c COM s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00eda c\u1ef1c NO. Linh ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e1o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111\u00e8n xanh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o \u201c\u0110ang ch\u1ea1y\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o \u201c\u0110\u00e3 d\u1eebng\u201d).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • DPDT (Hai c\u1ef1c, hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed):<\/strong> H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hai c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc SPDT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hai m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (c\u1ef1c) c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, m\u1ed7i m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra NO v\u00e0 NC ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u2014 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 SPDT hay DPDT \u2014 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00e1c r\u01a1le c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch logic li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam linh ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd an to\u00e0n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng: T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch an to\u00e0n l\u1ea1i \u01b0u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng (NC)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \"c\u00f4ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n. Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u201cFail-Safe\u201d l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng (d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n hay ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u1ea1i sao NC l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n?<\/strong> Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 \u201cGi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y\u201d. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t n\u00fat D\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (E-Stop). N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf (NO) cho n\u00fat E-Stop, m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u201cD\u1eebng\u201d khi n\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y trong m\u1ea1ch E-Stop v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t, b\u1ecb rung l\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m b\u1edfi lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m? B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh NO s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1eabn \u201cB\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. Khi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u201cL\u1ed7i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy hi\u1ec3m\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00fat d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (E-Stop), m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u201cx\u00e1c nh\u1eadn\u201d t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u201cAn to\u00e0n\u201d li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh \u201cD\u1eebng\u201d v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u: Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch<\/strong> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 NC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf an to\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p hai d\u00e2y trong c\u00e1p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau (g\u00e2y ra ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch), v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn s\u1ebd coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00fat \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea3 ra. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1ch NC hai k\u00eanh<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cu\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ch<\/strong>. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 (ch\u1eadp m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ea1ch) v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cAn to\u00e0n\u201d, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n

      M\u1eb9o t\u1eeb Pro: <\/strong>Lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NC cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 N\u00fat d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, R\u00e8m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NO cho c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u201cKh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cB\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n, trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: T\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c logic \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng; v\u00ed d\u1ee5, van th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y di\u1ec5n ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • C\u1eeda t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng<\/strong> \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1edf (\u0111\u00e8n t\u1eaft) nh\u1edd ch\u00ednh c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda. Khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cB\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt s\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Chu\u00f4ng c\u1eeda:<\/strong> A Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf<\/strong> c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc. Ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra khi n\u00fat n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch:<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i. C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn lo\u1ea1i NO s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn lo\u1ea1i NC s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \"c\u00f4ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 4 d\u00e2y:<\/strong> Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n dung \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 4 d\u00e2y, cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra NO v\u00e0 NC (NO+NC). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch logic ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> M\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i NC, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t; khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc s\u1ebd ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1ebd t\u1eaft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd so v\u1edbi logic PLC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01a1le n\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng sang l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh PLC l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Trong m\u1ed9t PLC, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 hai l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. XIC (Ki\u1ec3m tra xem \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u01b0a):<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cKh\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c\u201d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. XIO (Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 m\u1edf hay kh\u00f4ng):<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NC.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  C\u00e1i b\u1eaby \u201cph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9p\u201d:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng<\/strong> Khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00fat d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p (E-Stop) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a PLC, bit \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb PLC s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u201c1\u201d (High) khi n\u00fat n\u00e0y KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t XIC<\/strong> l\u1ec7nh trong \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u201cTrue\u201d v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t XIO<\/strong> l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00fat n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u201cB\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh XIO tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cFalse\u201d trong logic ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh PLC \u201cki\u1ec3m tra\u201d tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc NC v\u1eadt l\u00fd cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch an to\u00e0n, m\u00e3 PLC th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean coi \u201cs\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\u201d l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cAn to\u00e0n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                    Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa NO v\u00e0 NC (ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 logic, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ed9 n\u00e3o\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o theo th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn linh ki\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • An to\u00e0n<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u201cTu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d<\/strong>: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 NC trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c mua s\u1eafm c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 IEC<\/strong> ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, CCC, CE v\u00e0 RoHS<\/strong> ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn nh\u01b0 OMCH<\/strong> (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1986) \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1edfi h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 h\u01a1n 72.000 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 100 qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a <\/strong>Chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/strong> v\u00e0 Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/strong>: Khi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong 99% th\u1eddi gian, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh NO \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y r\u01a1le b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m phong ph\u00fa, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 H\u01a1n 3.000 m\u00e3 h\u00e0ng<\/strong> c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i OMCH, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> T\u00ednh li\u00eam ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cB\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu rung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 IP cao nh\u01b0 IP67. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf 9001<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (OMCH c\u00f3 7 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/strong> (Ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda)<\/strong>: H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn (c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn\/m\u00e0n ch\u1eafn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng), c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (r\u01a1le\/b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm), ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n (DIN Rail) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (c\u1ea7u dao) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i NO\/NC ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 24\/7<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cB\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1: Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                      Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u0169ng s\u1ebd h\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00f2n m\u1ea5t. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m NO v\u00e0 NC ngay t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: <\/strong>An to\u00e0n<\/strong> Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (DMM) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Ki\u1ec3m tra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00f3ng \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ed1t). Khi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m tra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nhanh li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh hay kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ea1m hai \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u00e0o nhau; b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng \u201cb\u00edp\u201d li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i k\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \"c\u00f4ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                      B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng b\u00edp:<\/strong> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng (NC)<\/strong> li\u00ean h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 v\u1eabn im l\u1eb7ng:<\/strong> B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf (NO)<\/strong> li\u00ean h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, h\u00e3y nh\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc (nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn) b\u1eb1ng tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean ti\u1ebfng b\u00edp<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac NC n\u00ean im l\u1eb7ng<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng b\u00edp nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao (h\u01a1n v\u00e0i ohm), c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf linh ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i logic x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          Khi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa logic \u201cM\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d (Normally Open) v\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d (Normally Closed), b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y \u2014 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111ang ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao hay l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh (E-Stop), h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cCh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n\u201d<\/strong> H\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1eabn nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u quy v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n: m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1eadt hay t\u1eaft? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c g\u1eb7p tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9733,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Normally Open vs Normally Closed: What You Need to Know","_seopress_titles_desc":"Discover the key differences in our blog on normally open vs normally closed. Understand how each type functions and their applications in various systems.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industrial-control"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9738"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9741,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9738\/revisions\/9741"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}