Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n<style>\n\/* fonts: BLOG scope only \u2014 copied verbatim from the brand Standard Blog CSS Header. *\/\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Manrope:wght@400;600;700&family=Roboto:wght@600;700&display=swap');\n\n.bd-post {\n \/* ---- color tokens: OMCH v4 palette (plan palette \u2014 single source of hex) ---- *\/\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --text-primary: #333333;\n --text-secondary: #6E6E6E;\n --heading-ink: #000000;\n --accent: #479DE2;\n --accent-text: #2A76B4;\n --accent-hot: #FD9649;\n --navy: #0D3972;\n --inverse-bg: #1E1E1E;\n --inverse-text: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-text-secondary: #B0B0B0;\n --card-fill: #F4F8FC;\n --card-border: #E0E0E0;\n --divider: #C0C0C0;\n --panel-fill: #FAFAFA;\n --btn-white: #FFFFFF;\n --btn-ink: #1E1E1E;\n \/* ---- layout ---- *\/\n --prose-width: 720px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--text-primary);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n.bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; }\n.bd-post p, .bd-post li { overflow-wrap: break-word; }\n.bd-post .bd-post-article { max-width: var(--prose-width); margin: 0 auto; }\n.bd-post [class*=\"bp-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n\/* ---- prose spacing: fixed standard ---- *\/\n.bd-post p { margin: 0 0 1em; }\n.bd-post h1 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 0 0 16px; }\n.bd-post h2 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 48px 0 16px; }\n.bd-post h3 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.25; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 32px 0 12px; }\n.bd-post h4 { font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; margin: 24px 0 8px; }\n.bd-post ul, .bd-post ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; }\n.bd-post li { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }\n.bd-post li::marker { color: var(--accent-text); }\n.bd-post strong { font-weight: 700; }\n.bd-post em { font-style: italic; }\n.bd-post hr { border: 0; height: 1px; background: var(--divider); margin: 40px 0; }\n\n\/* ---- links: anchor permit-list (visual props only on content forms) ---- *\/\n.bd-post p a, .bd-post li a, .bd-post blockquote a, .bd-post td a {\n color: var(--accent-text);\n font-weight: 500;\n text-decoration: underline;\n text-decoration-color: var(--accent-text);\n text-underline-offset: 2px;\n text-decoration-thickness: 1px;\n}\n\n\/* ---- shared icon ---- *\/\n.bd-post .ico { display: inline-flex; flex: none; width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n\n\/* ---- rich elements ---- *\/\n\/* Comparison tables *\/\n.bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; margin: 0 0 1em; }\n.bd-post .rich-table-title { margin: 0 0 8px; font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 18px; color: var(--heading-ink); }\n.bd-post .rich-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background: var(--body-bg); }\n.bd-post .rich-table th { background: var(--panel-fill); color: var(--text-primary); font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; text-align: left; padding: 12px 16px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-text); white-space: nowrap; }\n.bd-post .rich-table td { color: var(--text-primary); font-size: 15px; padding: 12px 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider); vertical-align: top; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider); }\n.bd-post .table-wrapper,\n.bd-post .rich-table,\n.bd-post .rich-table-wrap { border-radius: 0 !important; }\n.bd-post .table-wrapper { padding: 0 !important; background: transparent !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table { margin: 0 !important; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider) !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tbody tr:last-child > td { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider) !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tbody tr:hover td:first-child { color: var(--accent-text); }\n\n\/* Callouts (warning \/ info \/ highlight) *\/\n.bd-post .rich-callout {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);\n border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-callout-title {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 18px;\n color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0 0 6px;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-callout-title .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n.bd-post .rich-callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n\n\/* Checklist cards *\/\n.bd-post .rich-card {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-card-title {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 18px;\n color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0 0 12px;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-card-title .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n.bd-post .rich-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }\n.bd-post .rich-list li { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .rich-list .rich-ico { color: var(--accent-text); margin-top: 2px; }\n\n\/* ---- designed BPs ---- *\/\n.bd-post .bp-1-hook {\n background: var(--inverse-bg);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-attach) 0 var(--gap-normal);\n display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 16px;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-1-icon {\n width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 22px; flex: none;\n border: 1px solid var(--accent);\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\n color: var(--accent-hot);\n}\n.bd-post .bp-1-body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; min-width: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-1-title { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--inverse-text); margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-1-lines { font-size: 16px; color: var(--inverse-text-secondary); margin: 0; }\n\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-ttl {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 20px; color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-ttl .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-copy { margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--navy); color: var(--btn-white);\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px;\n text-decoration: none; padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 6px;\n}\n\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end {\n background: var(--navy);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-section) 0;\n display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-ttl { display: block; font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--inverse-text); margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-ttl .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-hot); width: 22px; height: 22px; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-sub { font-size: 16px; color: var(--inverse-text-secondary); margin: 0; max-width: 34em; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--accent-hot); color: var(--btn-ink);\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px;\n text-decoration: none; padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 6px;\n}\n\n\/* ---- sanctioned motion ---- *\/\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent-text); transform: scale(1.01); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post p a:hover, .bd-post li a:hover, .bd-post blockquote a:hover, .bd-post td a:hover { color: var(--heading-ink); }\n .bd-post .rich-card, .bd-post .rich-callout { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .rich-card:hover, .bd-post .rich-callout:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-text); color: var(--btn-white); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.18); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--btn-white); color: var(--btn-ink); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.25); }\n}\n\n\/* ---- mobile ---- *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 22px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 24px; }\n}\n\n\/* ---- References (canonical .bd-refs) ---- *\/\n.bd-post .bd-refs { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.6em; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 10px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li::marker { color: var(--accent-text); }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li a { color: var(--accent-text); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li a:hover { color: var(--heading-ink); }\n<\/style>\n<article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn: m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p guitar, c\u00f2n n\u1eeda kia l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, PLC v\u00e0 r\u01a1-le b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIN-Power-Supply.webp\" style=\"width: 512px; height: 384px; max-width: 100%; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 12px; margin: 30px auto; display: block; box-shadow: 10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35); transition: all 0.3s ease; cursor: pointer;\" onmouseover=\"this.style.transform='translateY(-5px) scale(1.03)'; this.style.boxShadow='15px 25px 80px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.45)'\" onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='translateY(0) scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35)'\"> \n\n<h2>\u201cC\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 <strong>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/strong>. B\u00ean trong, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua m\u1ed9t khe t\u1eeb, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o n\u1ed1i hai b\u00ean l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau; ch\u00ednh khe t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i buck, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn chung \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>d\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb chung<\/strong>. Khi ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 chung m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f4 l\u1eadp l\u00e0 <strong>n\u1ed5i<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-1-hook bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m19 5 3-3\"\/><path d=\"m2 22 3-3\"\/><path d=\"M6.3 20.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 3.4 0L12 18l-6-6-2.3 2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0 3.4Z\"\/><path d=\"M7.5 13.5 10 11\"\/><path d=\"M10.5 16.5 13 14\"\/><path d=\"m12 6 6 6 2.3-2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0-3.4l-2.6-2.6a2.4 2.4 0 0 0-3.4 0Z\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-body\">\n <p class=\"bp-1-title\">C\u00e1ch ly trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-1-lines\">\u201cC\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra; \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e2m chung\u201d). V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i \u2014 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh neo n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 hai: vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o <strong>C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 \u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 \u00e1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y DC \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 an to\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n. Nguy hi\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n<h2>M\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u201cB\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 <strong>n\u01a1i<\/strong> S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7. Ba ngh\u0129a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">M\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>\u0110i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/th><th>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/th><th>C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/th><th>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o?<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td><td>An to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n; cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/td><td>B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch AC-DC, b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e8n LED<\/td><td>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady \u2014 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td><td>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u00eanh<\/td><td>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111a \u0111\u1ea7u ra cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh \/ b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00e1c<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c \u00e2m<\/td><td>Hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00e3 tham chi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td><td>B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c DC-DC d\u00e0nh cho xe c\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>\u201cC\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p; \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c DC-DC tr\u00ean xe c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00ec hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1eafc-quy kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 chung s\u1ea1ch. C\u1ea3 hai quy t\u1eafc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp: b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e8n LED c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o-\u0111\u1ea7u ra. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p; c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch ly s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n 24 V kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly (v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed n\u1ed5i s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o)<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Khi \u201cm\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu chung\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngay khi c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 hai. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean EEVblog \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn: thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t; \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i; n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1ch ly (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/grounding-of-non-isolated-power-supply\/\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a>, 2024).<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-callout bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-callout-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly<\/p>\n <p>Theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u2014 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0y g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i hai \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a National Instruments ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 thu nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec5u ngay khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi th\u00e1o ra (<a href=\"https:\/\/forums.ni.com\/t5\/Multifunction-DAQ\/Pressure-Sensor-Ground-Loop-Problem\/td-p\/1285148\">S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng NI<\/a>, 2010). C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang: m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean EEVblog c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng\u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/projects\/industrial-control-panel-grounding\/\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a>, 2017). V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0103ng-ten. <strong>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu chung k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/strong>, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u00e3y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng \u201clo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u\u201d kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh: \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i si\u00eau nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chung chung cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC-DC c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c cao 80% \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p 90%.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed: T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 EMC<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i: c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung k\u00fd sinh, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb (EMC), kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng cao.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 1 k\u03a9 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 M\u03a9 (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/736931\/isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supplies\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, Electronics StackExchange<\/a>, 2025). \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ti\u00eau hao \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 Y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chung: \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u trong khi h\u00e0nh vi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 hai m\u1eb7t: c\u00e1ch ly gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec5u. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec5u kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-callout bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-callout-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>C\u00e1ch ly gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5u<\/p>\n <p>Khi nhi\u1ec5u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u00e1c: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn chung, c\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ray b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n 24 V: Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 hai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang tranh lu\u1eadn l\u00e0: b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n 24 V c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i. T\u00f4i n\u00ean n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c \u00e2m DC (0 V) v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t hay \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i? Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i SELV, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0110\u1eb7t thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh: I\/O k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/h3>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean thanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang, van \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u01a1le \u2014 th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n DC \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i gi\u00fap m\u1ea1ch 24 V \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 chi tr\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o tr\u00ean thanh d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-cta-mid bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-mid-ttl\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6.3 20.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 3.4 0L12 18l-6-6-2.3 2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0 3.4Z\"\/><path d=\"m2 22 3-3\"\/><path d=\"M7.5 13.5 10 11\"\/><path d=\"M10.5 16.5 13 14\"\/><path d=\"m18 3-4 4h6l-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span>B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray 24 V c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-mid-copy\">H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i danh s\u00e1ch I\/O v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch ly.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-mid-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t: khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ngay khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (d\u1ea3i 0\u201310 V ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p 4\u201320 mA) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn qua c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1p d\u00e0i, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i k\u00fd sinh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m 0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>H\u00e3y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c 0 V c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i PLC hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 14 AWG (2,08 mm\u00b2), m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi thanh n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch 24 V.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>V\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean ph\u00edch c\u1eafm ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a PLC l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a khung m\u00e1y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai: c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/h3>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m van l\u00e0m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray m\u1ed7i khi van \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, PLC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean d\u00f9 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ra nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t \u00e1p. C\u1ea9m nang th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a DigiKey \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t cao (<a href=\"https:\/\/forum.digikey.com\/t\/din-rail-industrial-power-supply-defining-characteristics\/64213\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh, H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a DigiKey<\/a>, 2026); logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 gia nhi\u1ec7t. Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1ng cao c\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00e1c d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/th><th>Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec<\/th><th>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa)<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang, van, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4)<\/td><td>\u0110\u1eb7t c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n DC \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/td><td>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn d\u00e0i n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (0\u201310 V, 4\u201320 mA) tr\u00ean thanh ray<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (VFD) ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00eam b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i l\u00e0 qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn (h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t)<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn<\/td><td>L\u1edbp ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>D\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 van ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/td><td>\u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee9 hai<\/td><td>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Mua s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt: C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c minh xem m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly hay kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 1: h\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly.<\/strong> H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u201cI\/P-O\/P\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cinput-output\u201d k\u00e8m theo th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kV. M\u1edf b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n DIN-rail 75 W ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enocore.com\/mean-well\/ac-dc\/ac-dc-din-rail-power-supply\/ndr-75-series.html\">NDR-75 c\u1ee7a Mean Well<\/a> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ghi I\/P-O\/P: 3 KVAC. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng (hipot): l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ghi \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i coi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 2: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 62368-1, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n), c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y). Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa EN 62368-1 ho\u1eb7c UL 508 tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i ghi nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 3: ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n SELV v\u00e0 PELV. \u0110\u1ea7u ra SELV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ea7u ra PELV l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t: c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMC t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch ly. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 62368-1 hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \"ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" (ES1) thay v\u00ec SELV v\u00e0 PELV, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y (<a href=\"https:\/\/psu.deltaww.com\/en\/industry-know-how\/what-is-the-difference-between-selv-pelv-and-es1-in-ac-dc-power-supplies\">SELV, PELV v\u00e0 ES1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC\/DC c\u1ee7a Delta Electronics<\/a>). D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau: \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-card bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-card-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ba d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly I\/P-O\/P (\u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng kV, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 3 KVAC): ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch ly t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (EN 62368-1, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng): ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra (SELV n\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi PELV n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t): cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n <\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eaft ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cch\u1ee9ng minh\u201d t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ly. Theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin g\u00ec; th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd: khi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bus DC SELV v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i, m\u00f4-\u0111un buck kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong thanh ray t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kinh doanh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft th\u00e0nh ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u1ecfi \u201cs\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00f4ng?\u201d, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang xin ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1: li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng (h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kV)? V\u00e0 li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng (h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)? H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong v\u00f2ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i gi\u00e2y, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">B\u1ea3ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hai<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/th><th>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong 30 gi\u00e2y<\/th><th>D\u00f2ng trong b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>\u201cNgu\u1ed3n cung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/td><td>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kV I\/P-O\/P v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/td><td>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly + k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c \u00e2m ra ngo\u00e0i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ea7u ra SELV c\u00e1ch ly: t\u00f9y b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t duy nh\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra \/ Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SELV-PELV<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u201cT\u1ea1i sao lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly l\u1ea1i r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u201d<\/td><td>Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c: ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p bo m\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ecdc thanh d\u1eabn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch<\/td><td>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, h\u00e3y d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly l\u1eafp tr\u00ean thanh DIN trong d\u1ea3i 24 V l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n LED c\u00e1ch ly c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo quy t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u00eanh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed: gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eefu \u00edch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00eanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 ba, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cc\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d b\u1ecb c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<p><em>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c d\u00e3y c\u00e1ch ly tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a OMCH <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/product-selection\/\">h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a> Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o h\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong h\u01a1n 30 danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-cta-end bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-ttl\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M14.536 21.686a.5.5 0 0 0 .937-.024l6.5-19a.496.496 0 0 0-.635-.635l-19 6.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.024.937l7.93 3.18a2 2 0 0 1 1.112 1.11z\"\/><path d=\"m21.854 2.147-10.94 10.939\"\/><\/svg><\/span>C\u00e1ch ly hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang so s\u00e1nh \u2014 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1eafp tr\u00ean thanh DIN ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ly c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 g\u1eedi cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"bd-refs\">\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/psu.deltaww.com\/en\/industry-know-how\/what-is-the-difference-between-selv-pelv-and-es1-in-ac-dc-power-supplies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SELV, PELV v\u00e0 ES1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC\/DC \u2014 Delta Electronics<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enocore.com\/mean-well\/ac-dc\/ac-dc-din-rail-power-supply\/ndr-75-series.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN d\u00f2ng NDR-75 \u2014 MEAN WELL<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/forum.digikey.com\/t\/din-rail-industrial-power-supply-defining-characteristics\/64213\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u2014 C\u1ea9m nang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a DigiKey v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/grounding-of-non-isolated-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u2014 Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/projects\/industrial-control-panel-grounding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u2014 Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/forums.ni.com\/t5\/Multifunction-DAQ\/Pressure-Sensor-Ground-Loop-Problem\/td-p\/1285148\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u2014 C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng NI<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/17z7ww3\/ground_as_source_of_jitter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u jitter \u2014 r\/PLC<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/736931\/isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supplies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly so v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u2014 Electronics StackExchange<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u2014 OMCH<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u2014 OMCH<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OMCH \u2014 Linh ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? N\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn: m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p guitar, n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Isolated vs. Non-Isolated Power Supplies: Key Differences","_seopress_titles_desc":"Compare isolated and non-isolated power supplies by safety, ground loops, leakage, EMC and 24 V panel applications.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mmlblog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12268"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12279,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268\/revisions\/12279"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":12268,"date":"2026-09-10T03:27:38","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T03:27:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/?p=12268"},"modified":"2026-09-10T03:33:32","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T03:33:32","slug":"isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supply","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supply\/","title":{"rendered":"Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\nNgu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n<style>\n\/* fonts: BLOG scope only \u2014 copied verbatim from the brand Standard Blog CSS Header. *\/\n@import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Manrope:wght@400;600;700&family=Roboto:wght@600;700&display=swap');\n\n.bd-post {\n \/* ---- color tokens: OMCH v4 palette (plan palette \u2014 single source of hex) ---- *\/\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --text-primary: #333333;\n --text-secondary: #6E6E6E;\n --heading-ink: #000000;\n --accent: #479DE2;\n --accent-text: #2A76B4;\n --accent-hot: #FD9649;\n --navy: #0D3972;\n --inverse-bg: #1E1E1E;\n --inverse-text: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-text-secondary: #B0B0B0;\n --card-fill: #F4F8FC;\n --card-border: #E0E0E0;\n --divider: #C0C0C0;\n --panel-fill: #FAFAFA;\n --btn-white: #FFFFFF;\n --btn-ink: #1E1E1E;\n \/* ---- layout ---- *\/\n --prose-width: 720px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--text-primary);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n}\n.bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; 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}\n.bd-post em { font-style: italic; }\n.bd-post hr { border: 0; height: 1px; background: var(--divider); margin: 40px 0; }\n\n\/* ---- links: anchor permit-list (visual props only on content forms) ---- *\/\n.bd-post p a, .bd-post li a, .bd-post blockquote a, .bd-post td a {\n color: var(--accent-text);\n font-weight: 500;\n text-decoration: underline;\n text-decoration-color: var(--accent-text);\n text-underline-offset: 2px;\n text-decoration-thickness: 1px;\n}\n\n\/* ---- shared icon ---- *\/\n.bd-post .ico { display: inline-flex; flex: none; width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n\n\/* ---- rich elements ---- *\/\n\/* Comparison tables *\/\n.bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; margin: 0 0 1em; }\n.bd-post .rich-table-title { margin: 0 0 8px; font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 18px; color: var(--heading-ink); }\n.bd-post .rich-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background: var(--body-bg); }\n.bd-post .rich-table th { background: var(--panel-fill); color: var(--text-primary); font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px; text-align: left; padding: 12px 16px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-text); white-space: nowrap; }\n.bd-post .rich-table td { color: var(--text-primary); font-size: 15px; padding: 12px 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider); vertical-align: top; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider); }\n.bd-post .table-wrapper,\n.bd-post .rich-table,\n.bd-post .rich-table-wrap { border-radius: 0 !important; }\n.bd-post .table-wrapper { padding: 0 !important; background: transparent !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table { margin: 0 !important; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider) !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tbody tr:last-child > td { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--divider) !important; }\n.bd-post .rich-table tbody tr:hover td:first-child { color: var(--accent-text); }\n\n\/* Callouts (warning \/ info \/ highlight) *\/\n.bd-post .rich-callout {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);\n border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-callout-title {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 18px;\n color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0 0 6px;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-callout-title .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n.bd-post .rich-callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n\n\/* Checklist cards *\/\n.bd-post .rich-card {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-card-title {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: 18px;\n color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0 0 12px;\n}\n.bd-post .rich-card-title .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n.bd-post .rich-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }\n.bd-post .rich-list li { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .rich-list .rich-ico { color: var(--accent-text); margin-top: 2px; }\n\n\/* ---- designed BPs ---- *\/\n.bd-post .bp-1-hook {\n background: var(--inverse-bg);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-attach) 0 var(--gap-normal);\n display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 16px;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-1-icon {\n width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 22px; flex: none;\n border: 1px solid var(--accent);\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\n color: var(--accent-hot);\n}\n.bd-post .bp-1-body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; min-width: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-1-title { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--inverse-text); margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-1-lines { font-size: 16px; color: var(--inverse-text-secondary); margin: 0; }\n\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid {\n background: var(--card-fill);\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-normal) 0;\n display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-ttl {\n display: block;\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 20px; color: var(--heading-ink);\n margin: 0;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-ttl .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-text); width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-copy { margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--navy); color: var(--btn-white);\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px;\n text-decoration: none; padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 6px;\n}\n\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end {\n background: var(--navy);\n border-radius: 10px;\n padding: var(--pad-standard);\n margin: var(--gap-section) 0;\n display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start;\n}\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-ttl { display: block; font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--inverse-text); margin: 0; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-ttl .rich-ico { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-hot); width: 22px; height: 22px; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-sub { font-size: 16px; color: var(--inverse-text-secondary); margin: 0; max-width: 34em; }\n.bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--accent-hot); color: var(--btn-ink);\n font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 15px;\n text-decoration: none; padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: 6px;\n}\n\n\/* ---- sanctioned motion ---- *\/\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent-text); transform: scale(1.01); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post p a:hover, .bd-post li a:hover, .bd-post blockquote a:hover, .bd-post td a:hover { color: var(--heading-ink); }\n .bd-post .rich-card, .bd-post .rich-callout { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .rich-card:hover, .bd-post .rich-callout:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-mid-btn:hover { background: var(--accent-text); color: var(--btn-white); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.18); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--btn-white); color: var(--btn-ink); transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,0.25); }\n}\n\n\/* ---- mobile ---- *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 22px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 24px; }\n}\n\n\/* ---- References (canonical .bd-refs) ---- *\/\n.bd-post .bd-refs { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.6em; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.7; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 10px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li::marker { color: var(--accent-text); }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li a { color: var(--accent-text); text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 3px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n.bd-post .bd-refs li a:hover { color: var(--heading-ink); }\n<\/style>\n<article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn: m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p guitar, c\u00f2n n\u1eeda kia l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, PLC v\u00e0 r\u01a1-le b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIN-Power-Supply.webp\" style=\"width: 512px; height: 384px; max-width: 100%; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 12px; margin: 30px auto; display: block; box-shadow: 10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35); transition: all 0.3s ease; cursor: pointer;\" onmouseover=\"this.style.transform='translateY(-5px) scale(1.03)'; this.style.boxShadow='15px 25px 80px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.45)'\" onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='translateY(0) scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35)'\"> \n\n<h2>\u201cC\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 <strong>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/strong>. B\u00ean trong, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua m\u1ed9t khe t\u1eeb, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00e0o n\u1ed1i hai b\u00ean l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau; ch\u00ednh khe t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i buck, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn chung \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>d\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb chung<\/strong>. Khi ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 chung m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f4 l\u1eadp l\u00e0 <strong>n\u1ed5i<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-1-hook bd-reveal\">\n <div class=\"bp-1-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m19 5 3-3\"\/><path d=\"m2 22 3-3\"\/><path d=\"M6.3 20.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 3.4 0L12 18l-6-6-2.3 2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0 3.4Z\"\/><path d=\"M7.5 13.5 10 11\"\/><path d=\"M10.5 16.5 13 14\"\/><path d=\"m12 6 6 6 2.3-2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0-3.4l-2.6-2.6a2.4 2.4 0 0 0-3.4 0Z\"\/><\/svg>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-1-body\">\n <p class=\"bp-1-title\">C\u00e1ch ly trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-1-lines\">\u201cC\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra; \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e2m chung\u201d). V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i \u2014 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh neo n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 hai: vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o <strong>C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 \u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 \u00e1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y DC \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 an to\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n. Nguy hi\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n<h2>M\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u201cB\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 <strong>n\u01a1i<\/strong> S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7. Ba ngh\u0129a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">M\u1ed9t t\u1eeb, ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>\u0110i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft<\/th><th>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/th><th>C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/th><th>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o?<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td><td>An to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n; cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/td><td>B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch AC-DC, b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e8n LED<\/td><td>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady \u2014 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra<\/td><td>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c k\u00eanh<\/td><td>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111a \u0111\u1ea7u ra cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh \/ b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00e1c<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c \u00e2m<\/td><td>Hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00e3 tham chi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c nhau<\/td><td>B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c DC-DC d\u00e0nh cho xe c\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n<\/td><td>Kh\u00f4ng \u2014 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>\u201cC\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p; \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c DC-DC tr\u00ean xe c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00ec hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1eafc-quy kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 chung s\u1ea1ch. C\u1ea3 hai quy t\u1eafc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp: b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e8n LED c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o-\u0111\u1ea7u ra. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p; c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch ly s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngu\u1ed3n 24 V kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly (v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed n\u1ed5i s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o)<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Khi \u201cm\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu chung\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ngay khi c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 hai. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean EEVblog \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn: thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t; \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i; n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1ch ly (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/grounding-of-non-isolated-power-supply\/\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a>, 2024).<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-callout bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-callout-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly<\/p>\n <p>Theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u2014 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd n\u00e0y g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i hai \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a National Instruments ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 thu nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec5u ngay khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng khi th\u00e1o ra (<a href=\"https:\/\/forums.ni.com\/t5\/Multifunction-DAQ\/Pressure-Sensor-Ground-Loop-Problem\/td-p\/1285148\">S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng NI<\/a>, 2010). C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang: m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean EEVblog c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng\u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/projects\/industrial-control-panel-grounding\/\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a>, 2017). V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0103ng-ten. <strong>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu chung k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p<\/strong>, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n<p>H\u00e3y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng \u201clo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u\u201d kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh: \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i si\u00eau nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chung chung cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC-DC c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c cao 80% \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p 90%.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed: T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y, r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 EMC<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i: c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung k\u00fd sinh, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1ch ly k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n Y n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb (EMC), kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng cao.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111ang th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 1 k\u03a9 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 M\u03a9 (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/736931\/isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supplies\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, Electronics StackExchange<\/a>, 2025). \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ti\u00eau hao \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 Y v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chung: \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u trong khi h\u00e0nh vi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly c\u00f3 hai m\u1eb7t: c\u00e1ch ly gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec5u. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec5u kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-callout bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-callout-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 21h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-3Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>C\u00e1ch ly gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5u<\/p>\n <p>Khi nhi\u1ec5u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n kh\u00e1c: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn chung, c\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ray b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n 24 V: Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 hai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang tranh lu\u1eadn l\u00e0: b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n 24 V c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i. T\u00f4i n\u00ean n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c \u00e2m DC (0 V) v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t hay \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i? Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ra thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i SELV, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h3>\u0110\u1eb7t thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh: I\/O k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/h3>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean thanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang, van \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u01a1le \u2014 th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n DC \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i gi\u00fap m\u1ea1ch 24 V \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch AC v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 chi tr\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o tr\u00ean thanh d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-cta-mid bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-mid-ttl\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M6.3 20.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 3.4 0L12 18l-6-6-2.3 2.3a2.4 2.4 0 0 0 0 3.4Z\"\/><path d=\"m2 22 3-3\"\/><path d=\"M7.5 13.5 10 11\"\/><path d=\"M10.5 16.5 13 14\"\/><path d=\"m18 3-4 4h6l-4 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span>B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray 24 V c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-mid-copy\">H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i danh s\u00e1ch I\/O v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch ly.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-mid-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t: khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ngay khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (d\u1ea3i 0\u201310 V ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p 4\u201320 mA) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn qua c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1p d\u00e0i, c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i k\u00fd sinh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m 0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n\n<ol>\n<li>H\u00e3y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c 0 V c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i PLC hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 14 AWG (2,08 mm\u00b2), m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi thanh n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch 24 V.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>V\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean ph\u00edch c\u1eafm ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a PLC l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a khung m\u00e1y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n<h3>Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai: c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/h3>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m van l\u00e0m s\u1ee5t \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray m\u1ed7i khi van \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, PLC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean d\u00f9 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ra nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t \u00e1p. C\u1ea9m nang th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a DigiKey \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t cao (<a href=\"https:\/\/forum.digikey.com\/t\/din-rail-industrial-power-supply-defining-characteristics\/64213\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh, H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a DigiKey<\/a>, 2026); logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 gia nhi\u1ec7t. Ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1ng cao c\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00e1c d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/th><th>Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec<\/th><th>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa)<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7m c\u1eadn, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang, van, ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4)<\/td><td>\u0110\u1eb7t c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n DC \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/td><td>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn d\u00e0i n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (0\u201310 V, 4\u201320 mA) tr\u00ean thanh ray<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (VFD) ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00eam b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc<\/td><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i l\u00e0 qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn (h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t)<\/td><td>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn<\/td><td>L\u1edbp ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>D\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 van ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray<\/td><td>\u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee9 hai<\/td><td>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>Mua s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt: C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c minh xem m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly hay kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. C\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 1: h\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly.<\/strong> H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u201cI\/P-O\/P\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cinput-output\u201d k\u00e8m theo th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kV. M\u1edf b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n DIN-rail 75 W ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enocore.com\/mean-well\/ac-dc\/ac-dc-din-rail-power-supply\/ndr-75-series.html\">NDR-75 c\u1ee7a Mean Well<\/a> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ghi I\/P-O\/P: 3 KVAC. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng (hipot): l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ghi \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i coi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly khi l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 2: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/strong> Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 62368-1, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n), c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y). Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00fa EN 62368-1 ho\u1eb7c UL 508 tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i ghi nh\u00e3n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra 3: ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n SELV v\u00e0 PELV. \u0110\u1ea7u ra SELV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ea7u ra PELV l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t: c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMC t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch ly. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 62368-1 hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \"ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" (ES1) thay v\u00ec SELV v\u00e0 PELV, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y (<a href=\"https:\/\/psu.deltaww.com\/en\/industry-know-how\/what-is-the-difference-between-selv-pelv-and-es1-in-ac-dc-power-supplies\">SELV, PELV v\u00e0 ES1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC\/DC c\u1ee7a Delta Electronics<\/a>). D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau: \u0111\u1ea7u ra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-card bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-card-title\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ba d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00e1ch ly I\/P-O\/P (\u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng kV, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 3 KVAC): ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch ly t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (EN 62368-1, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng): ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M22 11.08V12a10 10 0 1 1-5.93-9.14\"\/><path d=\"m9 11 3 3L22 4\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra (SELV n\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi PELV n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t): cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n <\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eaft ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cch\u1ee9ng minh\u201d t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ly. Theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin g\u00ec; th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd: khi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bus DC SELV v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i, m\u00f4-\u0111un buck kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y b\u00e1n tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong thanh ray t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kinh doanh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft th\u00e0nh ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u201cc\u00e1ch ly\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u1ecfi \u201cs\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00f4ng?\u201d, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang xin ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n. H\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1: li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng (h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kV)? V\u00e0 li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng (h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt)? H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong v\u00f2ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i gi\u00e2y, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"rich-table-wrap bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"rich-table-title\">B\u1ea3ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hai<\/p>\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead>\n <tr><th>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/th><th>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong 30 gi\u00e2y<\/th><th>D\u00f2ng trong b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn<\/th><\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>\u201cNgu\u1ed3n cung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/td><td>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kV I\/P-O\/P v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/td><td>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly + k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c \u00e2m ra ngo\u00e0i hay n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/td><td>\u0110\u1ea7u ra SELV c\u00e1ch ly: t\u00f9y b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t duy nh\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra \/ Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SELV-PELV<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>\u201cT\u1ea1i sao lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly l\u1ea1i r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u201d<\/td><td>Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c: ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p bo m\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ecdc thanh d\u1eabn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch<\/td><td>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, h\u00e3y d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1ch ly l\u1eafp tr\u00ean thanh DIN trong d\u1ea3i 24 V l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n LED c\u00e1ch ly c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo quy t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u00eanh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed: gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eefu \u00edch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00eanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1ee9 ba, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cc\u00f4 l\u1eadp\u201d b\u1ecb c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n. H\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n<hr>\n\n<p><em>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c d\u00e3y c\u00e1ch ly tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a OMCH <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/product-selection\/\">h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a> Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o h\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong h\u01a1n 30 danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"bp-cta-end bd-reveal\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-ttl\"><span class=\"rich-ico\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"ico\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M14.536 21.686a.5.5 0 0 0 .937-.024l6.5-19a.496.496 0 0 0-.635-.635l-19 6.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.024.937l7.93 3.18a2 2 0 0 1 1.112 1.11z\"\/><path d=\"m21.854 2.147-10.94 10.939\"\/><\/svg><\/span>C\u00e1ch ly hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">H\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang so s\u00e1nh \u2014 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1eafp tr\u00ean thanh DIN ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ly c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 g\u1eedi cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Vui l\u00f2ng g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"bd-refs\">\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/psu.deltaww.com\/en\/industry-know-how\/what-is-the-difference-between-selv-pelv-and-es1-in-ac-dc-power-supplies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SELV, PELV v\u00e0 ES1 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n AC\/DC \u2014 Delta Electronics<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.enocore.com\/mean-well\/ac-dc\/ac-dc-din-rail-power-supply\/ndr-75-series.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN d\u00f2ng NDR-75 \u2014 MEAN WELL<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/forum.digikey.com\/t\/din-rail-industrial-power-supply-defining-characteristics\/64213\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean thanh DIN: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u2014 C\u1ea9m nang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a DigiKey v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/grounding-of-non-isolated-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u2014 Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/projects\/industrial-control-panel-grounding\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u2014 Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n EEVblog<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/forums.ni.com\/t5\/Multifunction-DAQ\/Pressure-Sensor-Ground-Loop-Problem\/td-p\/1285148\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u2014 C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng NI<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/17z7ww3\/ground_as_source_of_jitter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u jitter \u2014 r\/PLC<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/736931\/isolated-vs-non-isolated-power-supplies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly so v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly \u2014 Electronics StackExchange<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u2014 OMCH<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">B\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u2014 OMCH<\/a><\/li>\n <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OMCH \u2014 Linh ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? N\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch ly\u201d, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn: m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n cho b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p guitar, n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 24 V d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Isolated vs. Non-Isolated Power Supplies: Key Differences","_seopress_titles_desc":"Compare isolated and non-isolated power supplies by safety, ground loops, leakage, EMC and 24 V panel applications.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mmlblog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12268"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12279,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12268\/revisions\/12279"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}