G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131: Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Ne Zaman \u00d6nemlidir?<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n <style>\n \/* fonts: BLOG scope only (brand Standard Blog CSS Header, verbatim). *\/\n @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Manrope:wght@400;600;700&family=Roboto:wght@600;700&display=swap');\n\n .bd-post {\n \/* brand header system values + plan palette (single source of hex) *\/\n --prose-width: 760px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-compact: 16px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --text-primary: #333333;\n --text-secondary: #6E6E6E;\n --heading-ink: #000000;\n --accent: #479DE2;\n --accent-text: #2A76B4;\n --accent-on-tint: #1F5F9E;\n --accent-hover: #1F4E8C;\n --accent-hot: #FD9649;\n --inverse-bg: #1E1E1E;\n --inverse-text: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-text-2: #B8B8B8;\n --card-fill: #E3F0FB;\n --card-border: #3F76AE;\n --card-secondary: #5F5F5F;\n --btn-white: #FFFFFF;\n --btn-ink: #0D3972;\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--text-primary);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; word-break: break-word; }\n .bd-post p, .bd-post li { overflow-wrap: break-word; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article { max-width: var(--prose-width); margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* anchor permit-list: visual props only on the four content forms *\/\n .bd-post p a, .bd-post li a, .bd-post blockquote a, .bd-post td a {\n color: var(--accent-text);\n text-decoration: underline;\n text-underline-offset: 2px;\n }\n .bd-post p a:hover, .bd-post li a:hover, .bd-post td a:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }\n\n \/* PROSE SPACING \u2014 fixed standard, brand header heading values *\/\n .bd-post h1 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 600; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 0 0 16px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 48px 0 16px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.25; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 32px 0 12px; }\n .bd-post p { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 1em; }\n .bd-post ul, .bd-post ol { margin: 0 0 1em; padding-left: 1.5em; }\n .bd-post li { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }\n .bd-post ul li::marker, .bd-post ol li::marker { color: var(--accent-text); }\n .bd-post strong { font-weight: 700; color: var(--heading-ink); }\n\n \/* selector hygiene: box-model only via specific classes *\/\n .bd-post [class*=\"bp-\"], .bd-post [class*=\"rich-\"] { box-sizing: border-box; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .rich-checklist,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .rich-callout,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .rich-steps,\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-takeaway-card { margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-specnote-card { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article > .bp-cta-end { margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n\n \/* ===== Rich elements (content-side authored visual blocks) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; margin: var(--gap-normal) 0; }\n .bd-post table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 15px; }\n .bd-post th {\n background: var(--card-fill); color: var(--heading-ink); font-weight: 700;\n text-align: left; padding: 12px 16px;\n border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--card-border);\n }\n .bd-post td { padding: 12px 16px; border: 1px solid var(--card-border); color: var(--text-primary); vertical-align: top; }\n .bd-post .rich-matrix tbody td:first-child { font-weight: 700; }\n .bd-post .rich-matrix { border: 1px solid var(--card-border); }\n\n .bd-post .rich-checklist { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--pad-standard); }\n .bd-post .rich-checklist-title, .bd-post .rich-steps-title, .bd-post .bp-takeaway-title {\n font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; color: var(--heading-ink); margin: 0 0 12px;\n }\n .bd-post .rich-icon { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: -0.2em; margin-right: 8px; color: var(--accent-on-tint); }\n .bd-post .rich-icon svg, .bd-post .rich-item-icon svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; }\n .bd-post .rich-checklist-list { list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .rich-checklist-list li { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; }\n .bd-post .rich-checklist-list li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n .bd-post .rich-item-icon { display: inline-flex; color: var(--accent-on-tint); flex: 0 0 auto; margin-top: 2px; }\n\n .bd-post .rich-callout { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-left: 4px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--pad-standard); display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 14px; }\n .bd-post .rich-callout-icon { display: inline-flex; color: var(--accent-text); flex: 0 0 auto; }\n .bd-post .rich-callout-icon svg { width: 22px; height: 22px; }\n .bd-post .rich-callout p { margin: 0; }\n\n .bd-post .rich-steps { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--pad-standard); }\n .bd-post .rich-steps-list { list-style: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0; counter-reset: bdstep; }\n .bd-post .rich-steps-list li { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px; }\n .bd-post .rich-steps-list li:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n .bd-post .rich-step-num {\n flex: 0 0 auto; width: 24px; height: 24px; border-radius: 50%;\n background: var(--inverse-bg); color: var(--inverse-text);\n font-weight: 700; font-size: 13px;\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-top: 1px;\n }\n\n \/* ===== BP-specnote (\u7ad94, plan) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-card { background: var(--card-fill); border: 1px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--pad-standard); margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cells { display: flex; gap: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cell { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cell + .bp-specnote-cell { border-left: 1px solid var(--card-border); padding-left: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-label { font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; color: var(--accent-on-tint); margin: 0 0 4px; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-text { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-primary); margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-foot { font-size: 14px; color: var(--card-secondary); margin: 16px 0 0; }\n\n \/* ===== BP-takeaway (\u7ad96, plan) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-card { background: var(--card-fill); border: 2px solid var(--card-border); border-radius: 8px; padding: var(--pad-standard); }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-title { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-title .bp-takeaway-icon { display: inline-flex; color: var(--accent-on-tint); }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-title .bp-takeaway-icon svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-title span { margin-right: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-rows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; padding: 12px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--card-border); }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row:first-child { border-top: none; padding-top: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row:last-child { padding-bottom: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-num {\n flex: 0 0 auto; width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 50%;\n background: var(--inverse-bg); color: var(--inverse-text);\n font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px;\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-top: 1px;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-text { font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-primary); margin: 0; }\n\n \/* ===== End CTA (plan cta-states) ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end { background: var(--inverse-bg); padding: 40px 32px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 16px; margin: var(--gap-section) 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-family: \"Roboto\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--inverse-text); text-align: center; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-sub { font-size: 16px; color: var(--inverse-text-2); text-align: center; max-width: 560px; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--accent-hot); color: var(--btn-ink);\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2;\n padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none;\n border: none; cursor: pointer;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--btn-white); color: var(--btn-ink); }\n\n \/* ===== References ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bd-refs-title { font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-primary); margin: 48px 0 12px; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs { font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-secondary); padding-left: 1.5em; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li { margin-bottom: 6px; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li a { color: var(--accent-text); text-decoration: underline; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li a:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }\n\n \/* ===== Motion (sanctioned set, gated) ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent-text); transform: scale(1.02); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out, text-decoration-color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-card, .bd-post .bp-takeaway-card { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-card:hover, .bd-post .bp-takeaway-card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row { transition: color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row:hover .bp-takeaway-text { color: var(--accent-on-tint); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 767px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 22px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cells { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cell + .bp-specnote-cell { border-left: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--card-border); padding-left: 0; padding-top: 16px; margin-top: 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end { padding: 24px 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-size: 20px; }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n\n <p>Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 veri sayfas\u0131nda dalgalanman\u0131n \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa bir osiloskop ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, temiz bir 100 mV testere di\u015fi dalga formuna hi\u00e7 benzeyen bir dalga formuyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz; koridorun sonundaki bir hobi merakl\u0131s\u0131 ise yeni masa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda 5 V\u2019da 1,4 Vp-p \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc ve cihaz\u0131n bozuk olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyor (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/what_is_acceptable_noiseripple_on_cheap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/AskElectronics<\/a>, 2025). \u0130kiniz de hikayenin ayn\u0131 sayfas\u0131na bak\u0131yorsunuz: \u201cripple\u201d kelimesi \u00e7ok fazla anlam y\u00fckl\u00fc. Bu kelimenin alt\u0131nda, d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 nedene sahip d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 sinyal, d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sorunu ve \u201ckabul edilebilir\u201d kavram\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f yat\u0131yor. Bu k\u0131lavuz, bunlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131r\u0131yor ve ard\u0131ndan DC ray\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte ne kadar temiz olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine karar vermeniz i\u00e7in bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunuyor.<\/p>\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Power-Supply-Ripple-1.webp\" style=\"width: 512px; height: 384px; max-width: 100%; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 12px; margin: 30px auto; display: block; box-shadow: 10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35); transition: all 0.3s ease; cursor: pointer;\" onmouseover=\"this.style.transform='translateY(-5px) scale(1.03)'; this.style.boxShadow='15px 25px 80px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.45)'\" onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='translateY(0) scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35)'\"> \n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131 Asl\u0131nda Nedir: DC \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda Gizlenen D\u00f6rt Sinyal<\/h2>\n\n <p>Ripple, bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki do\u011fru ak\u0131m geriliminin kalan periyodik dalgalanmas\u0131d\u0131r (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vikipedi, \u201cRipple (elektrik)\u201d<\/a>). Bu tan\u0131m do\u011frudur ancak tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir anlam ifade etmez; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc osiloskoptaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc asla tek bir sinyalden ibaret de\u011fildir. Bu DC ray\u0131nda d\u00f6rt bile\u015fen bulunur ve bunlardan sadece biri, teknik \u00f6zellik belgelerinde \u201cdalgalanma\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u015feydir:<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead><tr><th>Bile\u015fen<\/th><th>Kaynak<\/th><th>Frekans<\/th><th>Teknik \u00f6zellikler tablosunda m\u0131?<\/th><th>Kime zarar veriyor?<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>\u015eebeke kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/td><td>50\/60 Hz\u2019lik do\u011frusal besleme filtrelemesi<\/td><td>50\/60 Hz + harmonikler<\/td><td>evet (do\u011frusal kaynaklar)<\/td><td>ses ve radyo ekipmanlar\u0131 (u\u011fultu), di\u011ferleri nadiren<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Anahtarlama dalgalanmas\u0131<\/td><td>\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f filtresinden temel frekans\u0131 ge\u00e7irme<\/td><td>on binlerce kHz ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck MHz aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td><td>evet (\u00e7o\u011fu SMPS teknik \u00f6zellikleri)<\/td><td>teknik \u00f6zellik kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Anahtarlama g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc dalgalanmalar\u0131<\/td><td>h\u0131zl\u0131 anahtar kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n parazitik kuplaj\u0131<\/td><td>geni\u015f bant MHz+<\/td><td>nadiren<\/td><td>analog, sens\u00f6rler, hassas di\u015fli<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlar ve enjeksiyon<\/td><td>y\u00fck a\u015famalar\u0131, end\u00fcktif geri tepme, motorlar\/kontakt\u00f6rler<\/td><td>tek seferlik etkinlikler<\/td><td>hay\u0131r<\/td><td>saha ekipman\u0131<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bu ayr\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemi nedir? D\u00f6rt bile\u015fen, frekans bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 ila d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck derecesi kadar farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir; farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm d\u00fczeneklerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar, farkl\u0131 y\u00fcklerde hasara yol a\u00e7arlar ve tek bir \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 tam olarak bunlardan sadece birini kapsar. Dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (eski RMS oran\u0131 RF = V~AC \/ V~DC) da yaln\u0131zca d\u00fczg\u00fcn periyodik k\u0131sm\u0131 tan\u0131mlar ve bir RMS oran\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131k\u00e7a al\u0131nt\u0131lanan mVp-p de\u011ferinden her zaman daha b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden bu iki de\u011fer hi\u00e7bir zaman birbiriyle uyu\u015fmuyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n <p>K\u0131sa bir parantez a\u00e7al\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda bu konu s\u00fcrekli kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: \u201calternat\u00f6r dalgalanmas\u0131\u201d \u2014teknisyenlerin diyotlar\u0131n durumunu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kontrol ettikleri, bir arac\u0131n \u015farj \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki alternatif ak\u0131m bile\u015feni\u2014 farkl\u0131 bir sistemdeki farkl\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 kelime, farkl\u0131 bir alan; bu k\u0131lavuz ise g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 konusuna odaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi: G\u00fcvenilir Bir De\u011fer Elde Etmek<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cK\u00f6t\u00fc dalgalanma\u201d okumalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, hatal\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerdir. Elde etti\u011finiz say\u0131n\u0131n bir anlam ifade edip etmedi\u011fini \u00fc\u00e7 ayar belirler:<\/p>\n\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Ba\u011flant\u0131:<\/strong> AC kuplaj\u0131 kullan\u0131n; b\u00f6ylece DC seviyesi engellenir ve yaln\u0131zca kal\u0131nt\u0131 sinyali y\u00fckseltilir. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131da k\u0131lavuzda bu husus belirtilmeyi ihmal edilmektedir (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EEVblog forumu<\/a>, 2021).<\/li>\n <li><strong>Bant geni\u015fli\u011fi:<\/strong> Bir\u00e7ok osiloskoptaki 20 MHz s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, eski test spesifikasyonlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r, modern anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n sivri u\u00e7lu, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerini gizler. Bir veri sayfas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z, \u00fcreticinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bant geni\u015fli\u011fini (genellikle 20 MHz) kullan\u0131n; ger\u00e7ek bir sorunu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z, bant geni\u015fli\u011fini sonuna kadar a\u00e7\u0131n. Ger\u00e7ek, \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Prob ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Standart bir probun uzun toprak kablosu bir anten g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu kablo olu\u015fturdu\u011fu toprak d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc, anahtarlama ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan manyetik alanlar\u0131 alg\u0131lar ve size hayali tepe de\u011ferleri g\u00f6sterir. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu nedenle, \u201cKondansat\u00f6rler ekledim ama dalgalanma h\u00e2l\u00e2 y\u00fcksek\u201d durumu genellikle bir prob sorunudur, g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 sorunu de\u011fildir (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/switching-power-supply-has-high-ripple-voltage-no-matter-how-many-capacitors-are\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2024). \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131na bir u\u00e7-g\u00f6vde temas\u0131, bir ata\u015f topraklamas\u0131 veya 50 \u03a9'luk bir koaksiyel sonland\u0131rma kullan\u0131n (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Analog Devices AN-1144<\/a>).<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-checklist\">\n <p class=\"rich-checklist-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Bir dalgalanma okumas\u0131na g\u00fcvenmeden \u00f6nce<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-checklist-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Osiloskop kanal\u0131n\u0131 AC-\u00e7iftle<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Toprak yolunu k\u0131salt\u0131n (u\u00e7-ve-g\u00f6vde, ata\u00e7 veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6r\u00fcnde 50 \u03a9 sonland\u0131rma)<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Teknik \u00f6zelliklerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bant geni\u015fli\u011fiyle uyumlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ani art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 takip ediyorsan\u0131z, bant geni\u015fli\u011fini tamamen a\u00e7\u0131n<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Tek bir anahtarlama d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil, birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 izleyin<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bir enstr\u00fcman, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir uyar\u0131y\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n <p>\u00c7o\u011fu insan\u0131n ilk olarak el att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-callout\">\n <span class=\"rich-callout-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 20h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <p>AC voltaj ayar\u0131nda bir multimetre size dalgalanma de\u011ferini g\u00f6steremez. Bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve RMS ortalamalama \u00f6zelli\u011fi, anahtarlama ani y\u00fckselmelerini ve dalgalanmay\u0131 tek bir anlams\u0131z say\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu cihaz\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u201cburada bir \u015fey var m\u0131?\u201d diye kabaca kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Video platformlar\u0131nda dola\u015fan \u201ckablonun ucundaki iki kondansat\u00f6r\u201d hilesi, bir takdir meselesidir: Bu y\u00f6ntem, ba\u011fl\u0131 bir y\u00fck\u00fc sim\u00fcle eder; bu, \u00e7\u0131plak bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na k\u0131yasla daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda asl\u0131nda g\u00f6rmeniz gerekebilecek baz\u0131 \u015feyleri de filtreler (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EEVblog forumu<\/a>, 2021). \u00d6ncelikle d\u00f6rt sinyalden hangisini takip edece\u011finize karar verin. Ard\u0131ndan, o sinyali ge\u00e7iren kurulumunu se\u00e7in.<\/p>\n\n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131nda Ne Kadar Dalgalanma Kabul Edilebilir? Bu, y\u00fcke ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cHangi dalgalanma kabul edilebilir?\u201d diye sorarsan\u0131z, birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen yan\u0131tlar al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z: mutlak milivolt de\u011ferleri (ATX spesifikasyonu, +12 V hatt\u0131nda 120 mVp-p ve 5 V\/3,3 V hatlar\u0131nda 50 mVp-p\u2019ye izin verir; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom\u2019s Hardware<\/a>), y\u00fczdeler (1% yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir kural\u0131d\u0131r; ARRL el kitaplar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, CW vericileri i\u00e7in 5%\u2019den daha iyi bir oran ve lineer amplifikat\u00f6r plak beslemeleri i\u00e7in 3%\u2019den daha iyi bir oran \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir, \u015funa g\u00f6re: <a href=\"https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WSJT-X groups.io<\/a>, (, 2021) ve dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc. Bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir; her biri farkl\u0131 bir y\u00fck i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir \u015feyi \u00f6l\u00e7er. Ger\u00e7eklikle y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011finde ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyan tek yakla\u015f\u0131m, bu soruyu hangi cihaza g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h3>D\u00f6rt y\u00fck aral\u0131\u011f\u0131: Kim \u00f6nemser ki, peki ne kadar?<\/h3>\n\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve elektromanyetik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k (r\u00f6le bobinleri, lambalar, pompalar, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131):<\/strong> Buradaki dalgalanma esasen \u00f6nemsizdir. Bu y\u00fcklerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma marjlar\u0131 \u00e7ok geni\u015ftir; 24 V'luk bir rayda meydana gelen 100 mV'lik bir dalgalanma, onlar i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmez.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Dijital mant\u0131k:<\/strong> \u00c7o\u011fu mant\u0131k kart\u0131, silikona ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce ray dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131 emen kendi yerel d\u00fczenleme devresine sahiptir. Mant\u0131k devrelerine as\u0131l zarar veren, y\u00fck noktas\u0131nda meydana gelen ge\u00e7ici gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu, ge\u00e7ici bir sorundur; dalgalanma spesifikasyonuyla ilgili bir sorun de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Analog \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve veri toplama:<\/strong> 4\u201320 mA d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri, vericiler, ADC \u00f6n u\u00e7lar\u0131. Burada dalgalanma, hata b\u00fct\u00e7esine do\u011frudan etki eder. Alan\u0131nda deneyimli m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilen genel bir kural, 30 mV de\u011ferinin genel kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir, ancak 1,8 V\u2019luk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltajl\u0131 hassas mant\u0131k devreleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fudur (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/output-voltage-ripple-considerations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2020); bu mant\u0131k, referans ve sinyalin ayn\u0131 ray\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 herhangi bir analog \u00f6n uca da uygulanabilir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>RF ve ses:<\/strong> En zorlu bant; burada dalgalanma ve parazit, u\u011fultu ve parazit sinyallerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte yukar\u0131daki ARRL y\u00fczdelerinin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 budur.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>Neden bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u201ckabul edilebilir\u201d \u00f6l\u00e7ek hi\u00e7bir zaman birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor?<\/h3>\n\n <p>Milivolt, y\u00fczde ve dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc, farkl\u0131 voltaj hatlar\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri \u00f6l\u00e7er. 100 mV\u2019luk bir dalgalanma, 5 V\u2019luk bir voltaj hatt\u0131nda 2%, 24 V\u2019luk bir voltaj hatt\u0131nda ise 0,4%\u201cye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Ayn\u0131 fiziksel de\u011fer, hangi \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fe g\u00f6re okundu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc durumu daha da karma\u015f\u0131k hale getirir: Bu de\u011fer bir RMS oran\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc biriminde \u201d0,07\u201c (7%) gibi \u00f6rnek niteli\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, 50 mVp-p'lik bir hatla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda endi\u015fe verici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Herhangi iki say\u0131y\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce, bunlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 rayda, ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc biriminde ve ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirin. Bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, \u201d\u00e7eli\u015fkili tavsiyelerin\u201d \u00e7o\u011fu ortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Kendi raylar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma matrisi<\/h3>\n\n <p><strong>T\u00fcm kavram\u0131 tek c\u00fcmleyle \u00f6zetlemek gerekirse: Bir r\u00f6le dolab\u0131 i\u00e7in gayet uygun olan bir ray, 4\u201320 mA\u2019l\u0131k bir vericinin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131na neden olabilir. \u00d6nce y\u00fck\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131n, sonra milivoltlar hakk\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table rich-matrix\">\n <thead><tr><th>Y\u00fck t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th><th>Hassasiyet aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th><th>Dikkat edilmesi gereken sinyal<\/th><th>\u201cYeter\u201d \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor:<\/th><th>Eylem<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>R\u00f6le bobinleri, lambalar, kontakt\u00f6rler, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131<\/td><td>ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/td><td>yok<\/td><td>yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir de\u011fer<\/td><td>Teknik \u00f6zellikler pek \u00f6nemli de\u011fil (fiyat ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6re se\u00e7im yap\u0131n)<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>MCU\/mant\u0131k kartlar\u0131<\/td><td>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td><td>ge\u00e7ici d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, dalgalanma de\u011fil<\/td><td>kart \u00fczerindeki reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcn giri\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde<\/td><td>demiryolunu de\u011fil, yerel y\u00f6netmelikleri kontrol edin<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>4\u201320 mA devreleri, vericiler, ADC \u00f6n u\u00e7lar\u0131<\/td><td>y\u00fcksek<\/td><td>dalgalanma + g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc<\/td><td>y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131zda do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f, on mVp-p s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda veya daha iyi<\/td><td>maksimum de\u011fer (tip de\u011fil), bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fck ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>RF \/ ses a\u015famalar\u0131<\/td><td>a\u015f\u0131r\u0131<\/td><td>dalgalanma + g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, hepsi<\/td><td>b\u00fct\u00e7enin elverdi\u011fi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde<\/td><td>teknik \u00f6zellik tablolar\u0131n\u0131 incelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine bir reg\u00fclat\u00f6r sonras\u0131 devre (LDO veya LC) tasarlay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>D\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck konusunda bir not: Bu gruplar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin resmi ve evrensel bir e\u015fik de\u011feri yoktur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her bir y\u00fck\u00fcn teknik verileri as\u0131l referans kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu matris, k\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00f6r\u00fcne g\u00fcvenebilece\u011finiz bir say\u0131 de\u011fil, nereye bakman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Ayr\u0131ca, teknik \u00f6zelliklerin asla kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hususu da unutmay\u0131n: eskime. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6rleri eskidik\u00e7e ESR artar ve filtreleme performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer; bu nedenle, birinci y\u0131lda testten ge\u00e7en bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, be\u015finci y\u0131lda daha g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc hale gelebilir. Buna \u201ceskiden sorunsuzdu\u201d ar\u0131za modu diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Ripple Spesifikasyonunu \u0130ncelemek: Teknik \u00d6zellik Belgesindeki Rakamlar Size Neleri Anlat\u0131r, Neleri Anlatmaz?<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cRipple ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc: 120 mVp-p\u201d gibi bir teknik \u00f6zellik sat\u0131r\u0131, farkl\u0131 tedarik\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda birbirine benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Ancak ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenene kadar durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Bu resim, bir test d\u00fczene\u011finin foto\u011fraf\u0131d\u0131r<\/h3>\n\n <p>DIN ray\u0131 tipi 75 W g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 ele alal\u0131m: Mean Well NDR-75 serisi, 12 V \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta 80 mVp-p, 24 V\u2019da 120 mVp-p, ve 48 V'da 150 mVp-p de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6sterir. Distrib\u00fct\u00f6r\u00fcn tablosunda g\u00f6sterilmeyen, ancak tam veri sayfas\u0131nda genellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harflerle belirtilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemidir: bant geni\u015fli\u011fi (tipik olarak 20 MHz), y\u00fck ko\u015fulu (genellikle tam y\u00fck) ve sonland\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi (Analog Devices'\u0131n uygulama notunda belirtilen 50 \u03a9 koaksiyel teknik, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bin y\u00fcz k\u0131rk d\u00f6rt<\/a>). \u0130ki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 da \u201c120 mVp-p\u201d de\u011ferini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde beyan edebilir ve y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131zda farkl\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar sergileyebilir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlardan biri 50% y\u00fck\u00fcnde, di\u011feri ise 100% y\u00fck\u00fcnde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilir ya da biri 20 MHz\u2019de, di\u011feri ise tam a\u00e7\u0131k konumda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-specnote-card\">\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cells\">\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cell\">\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-label\">tip<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-text\">\u0130yi bir g\u00fcnde ne g\u00fczel bir numune \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cell\">\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-label\">maksimum<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-text\">Bir tedarik\u00e7iden talep edebilece\u011finiz taahh\u00fct.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-foot\">Yaln\u0131zca tipik de\u011ferler mi yazd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor? Herhangi bir garanti verilmemektedir.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <h3>Ucuz ve kaliteli sarf malzemelerinin ger\u00e7ekte birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta<\/h3>\n\n <p>\u0130\u015fte bilmeye de\u011fer bir \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Temel anahtarlama dalgalanmas\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131ftaki uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve markal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 milivolt aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yer al\u0131r: 12\u201348 V raylar\u0131nda 80 ila 150 mVp-p de\u011feri, piyasa genelinde tipik bir aral\u0131kt\u0131r. Farkl\u0131l\u0131k di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 sinyalde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131 belirtilmez (ya da bant geni\u015fli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131yla belirtilmez); ge\u00e7ici tepki dalgalanma sat\u0131r\u0131nda yer almaz; ve ko\u015ful \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n size form\u00fcl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131\u011f\u0131) b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, fiyat fark\u0131 size bir \u015fey kazand\u0131r\u0131yorsa, bu genellikle \u201cmaksimum de\u011fer\u201d ile \u201ctipik de\u011fer\u201d aras\u0131ndaki fark, parti tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcr\u00fcst test ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve rakam\u0131n arkas\u0131nda yatan garantidir; daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir dalgalanma de\u011feri de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na sorulmas\u0131 gereken be\u015f soru<\/h3>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-checklist\">\n <p class=\"rich-checklist-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ripple teknik \u00f6zelliklerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce sorulmas\u0131 gereken be\u015f soru<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-checklist-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Bu \u201ctyp\u201d mi yoksa \u201cmax\u201d m\u0131?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Hangi bant geni\u015fli\u011finde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc (20 MHz mi yoksa a\u00e7\u0131k m\u0131)?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Hangi y\u00fck durumunda (tam, yar\u0131m veya belirtilmemi\u015f)?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcyle ilgili ayr\u0131 bir teknik \u00f6zellik var m\u0131, yoksa \u201cdalgalanma ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc\u201d kavram\u0131 bunlar\u0131 tek bir ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda m\u0131 topluyor?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ger\u00e7ek y\u00fck\u00fcm ad\u0131m ad\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta ne olur ve ge\u00e7ici durumla ilgili bir teknik \u00f6zellik var m\u0131?<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Ve kimsenin yazd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r: <strong>filtrelemeyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemiyorsa.<\/strong> \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6rlerini zaten denediyseniz ve \u201cdalgalanma\u201d seviyesi y\u00fcksek kalm\u0131\u015fsa, neredeyse kesin olarak dalgalanma de\u011fil, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 takip ediyordunuz demektir. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015ftaki kondansat\u00f6rler periyodik bile\u015feni yumu\u015fatabilir, ancak bant geni\u015fli\u011fi anahtarlama sinyaliyle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaz (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/switching-power-supply-has-high-ripple-voltage-no-matter-how-many-capacitors-are\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2024). Hassas y\u00fckler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, en do\u011fru cevap genellikle daha y\u00fcksek performans rakamlar\u0131na sahip ancak daha pahal\u0131 bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 yerine, bir sonradan d\u00fczenleyici (anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen bir LC filtresi veya LDO) kullanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Sahada Sorun Giderme: \u201cKirli\u201d 24 V Sens\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fc Bozdu \u2014 Dalgalanma m\u0131, De\u011fil mi?<\/h2>\n\n <p>Bir 4\u201320 mA vericisi s\u00fcrekli yan\u0131yorsa veya analog okuma de\u011feri sap\u0131yorsa, sahadaki ilk i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fc do\u011frudur: \u00f6nce g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenin. \u201c\u0130lk olarak g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ederim \u2014 ani gerilim y\u00fckselmeleri veya dalgalanma i\u00e7ermeyen, temiz ve istikrarl\u0131 bir 24 VDC oldu\u011fundan emin olurum; kirli g\u00fc\u00e7, sens\u00f6rleri h\u0131zla yakabilir,\u201d diye ifade etti bir r\/PLC teknisyeni, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde iki yedek par\u00e7ay\u0131 da yakm\u0131\u015f olan bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 transmiterini te\u015fhis ederken (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/PLC<\/a>, 2025). Ancak o ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki kontrol listesinin asl\u0131nda neleri ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat edin: kontakt\u00f6rler ve motorlar devreye girdi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ani gerilim art\u0131\u015flar\u0131, topraklama ve ba\u011flama, VFD ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131; dalgalanma spesifikasyonu de\u011fil. \u0130\u015fte sahada uygulanan d\u00f6rt sinyal ayr\u0131m\u0131 budur.<\/p>\n\n <ol>\n <li><strong>Anahtarlama olaylar\u0131 genelinde ray\u0131 kapsamaya al\u0131n:<\/strong> Sadece sabit dalga formuna de\u011fil, kabin i\u00e7indeki bir kontakt\u00f6r veya motorun devreye girdi\u011fi anda neler oldu\u011funa da bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n <li><strong>0 V referans gerilimini kontrol edin:<\/strong> Beslemenin negatif ucu, di\u011fer ekipmanlardan ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131yan bir topraklamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0131? Y\u00fck alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u201c0 V\u201d de\u011feri, dalgalanma sorunu de\u011fil, enjeksiyon sorunudur.<\/li>\n <li><strong>D\u0131\u015f kaynaklara dikkat edin:<\/strong> VFD ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan motorlar, yak\u0131nlarda yap\u0131lan kaynak i\u015fleri, bir \u00fcretim hatt\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131. Bir r\/PLC vakas\u0131nda, sens\u00f6rlerin tekrar tekrar ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, ayn\u0131 tanka fiziksel olarak ba\u011fl\u0131 olan VFD ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir pompa motorundaki a\u015f\u0131narak kopmu\u015f topraklama ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olarak tespit edildi (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/PLC<\/a>, 2025).<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0130zolasyon deneyini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirin:<\/strong> \u015e\u00fcpheli sens\u00f6re ayr\u0131, \u00f6zel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden (veya bir sinyal izolat\u00f6r\u00fc arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flay\u0131n. E\u011fer sens\u00f6r bu durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ederse, sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir; e\u011fer orada da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmazsa, sens\u00f6r\u00fc ve devreyi inceleyin.<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-steps\">\n <p class=\"rich-steps-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M9 19h8.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0-7h-11a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7H15\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Saha triyaj\u0131: dalgalanma var m\u0131, yok mu?<\/p>\n <ol class=\"rich-steps-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">1<\/span>Sadece kararl\u0131 durum de\u011fil, anahtarlama olay\u0131 boyunca kapsam<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">2<\/span>0 V referans geriliminin di\u011fer y\u00fcklerle birlikte de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini kontrol edin<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">3<\/span>D\u0131\u015f kaynaklar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n (VFD\u2019ler, kaynaklar, korozyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131)<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">4<\/span>Sens\u00f6r\u00fc ayr\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flay\u0131n ve durumu izleyin<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n tersi de ge\u00e7erlidir: Ar\u0131zal\u0131 sens\u00f6rlerin \u00e7o\u011funun g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir ilgisi yoktur. Toprak d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri, bir VFD\u2019nin ortak mod ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, sistem kapal\u0131yken yap\u0131lan kaynak i\u015flemleri ve sens\u00f6r\u00fcn kendisi; hepsi \u201ckirli g\u00fc\u00e7\u201d gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu d\u00f6rt ad\u0131m, tam da sa\u011flam bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha iyisiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirip i\u015fi bitmi\u015f sayman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu, klasik ve pahal\u0131 bir \u201cyanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Bayiler i\u00e7in: En D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Milivolt De\u011ferini De\u011fil, Te\u015fhisi Sat\u0131n<\/h2>\n\n <p>E\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen her \u015fey tek bir ticari ger\u00e7e\u011fe indirgenebilir: Yanm\u0131\u015f bir sens\u00f6r veya sapma g\u00f6steren bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc nedeniyle arayan m\u00fc\u015fteri, hangi g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dalgalanma de\u011ferinin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu sormuyor. M\u00fc\u015fteri, elindeki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun yerine ne almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini soruyor. Satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bile\u015fenler, bu sorunun her iki taraf\u0131nda da yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n <p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sat\u0131\u015f mant\u0131\u011f\u0131, teknik mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 takip eder. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 y\u00fckler i\u00e7in (r\u00f6leler, lambalar, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131, onar\u0131m ve bak\u0131m pazar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131), dalgalanma bir sat\u0131\u015f arg\u00fcman\u0131 de\u011fildir. Fiyat, bulunabilirlik ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k konusunda rekabet edin ve fark\u0131 asla g\u00f6remeyecek m\u00fc\u015fterilere iyi teknik \u00f6zellik sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015fa harcamay\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n. Hassas y\u00fckler (4\u201320 mA d\u00f6ng\u00fcler, vericiler, analog kartlar, kodlay\u0131c\u0131lar) i\u00e7in en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck milivolt yerine teknik \u00f6zellik \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Maksimum de\u011feri (tipik de\u011feri de\u011fil), \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bant geni\u015fli\u011fini ve y\u00fck ko\u015fulunu belirtin; bu rakam\u0131n neyi kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlar) a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n. \u0130\u015fte bu, s\u0131radan bir sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemi ile dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k i\u00e7eren bir sat\u0131\u015f aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r ve bu, katalog fiyat\u0131yla alt edilemeyecek olan konu\u015fman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <p>Ayn\u0131 mant\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 hizmetlerinizi de korur: Bir m\u00fc\u015fteri bir ar\u0131za bildirdi\u011finde, yedek par\u00e7a teklif etmeden \u00f6nce sahada bir \u00f6n de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131n. Ani gerilim y\u00fckselmeleri ve ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131m dalgalanmalar\u0131 nedeniyle ar\u0131zalanan bir sens\u00f6r, yedek par\u00e7ay\u0131 da bozacakt\u0131r. \u201cSorun g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fil, \u015funu kontrol etmelisiniz\u201d \u015feklindeki d\u00fcr\u00fcst cevap, bir distrib\u00fct\u00f6r\u00fc tekrar aramaya de\u011fer k\u0131lan \u015feydir. Ayr\u0131ca, t\u00fcm zincirin tek bir rafta yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n: g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, sens\u00f6r ve y\u00fck\u00fc anahtarlayan r\u00f6le ayn\u0131 sipari\u015fte, ayn\u0131 kabinde ve genellikle ayn\u0131 te\u015fhiste yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-card\">\n <p class=\"bp-takeaway-title\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"6\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\u00dc\u00e7 kural<\/p>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-rows\">\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">1<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k fakt\u00f6rleri: sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k, bulunabilirlik.<\/p><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">2<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Hassas y\u00fckler: Maksimum de\u011fer, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fck ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 belirtin.<\/p><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">3<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Sahada meydana gelen ar\u0131zalar: \u00f6nce durum de\u011ferlendirmesi, sonra de\u011fi\u015ftirme.<\/p><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p><em>15 W ile 480 W aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki DIN ray\u0131 tipi anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekiyorsa veya se\u00e7im s\u00fcrecinde size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak birine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, OMCH\u2019nin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 serisi<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00fcr\u00fcn se\u00e7imi deste\u011fi<\/a> ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 i\u00e7in pratik bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-end\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-title\">Teknik \u00f6zelliklerle ilgili sorular\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131 var? Sat\u0131n almadan \u00f6nce sorun.<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fck t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve ak\u0131m \u00e7ekimini bize iletin. Se\u00e7im m\u00fchendislerimiz, DIN ray\u0131 tipi veya kapal\u0131 tip bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nerecek ve size kesin de\u011ferleri verecektir.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Se\u00e7im talebi g\u00f6nderin<svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <p class=\"bd-refs-title\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/p>\n <ol class=\"bd-refs\">\n <li>Wikipedia. \u201cRipple (elektrik).\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Analog Devices. \u201cAN-1144: Anahtarlamal\u0131 Reg\u00fclat\u00f6rlerde \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Dalgalanmas\u0131 ve Anahtarlama Ge\u00e7i\u015f Olaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Tom\u2019s Hardware. \u201cDalgalanma Gerilimi \u2014 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 Nas\u0131l Test Ediyoruz.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html<\/a><\/li>\n <li>EEVblog Forumu. \u201cBu teknikle g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Electronics StackExchange. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda, ka\u00e7 tane kondansat\u00f6r eklenirse eklensin y\u00fcksek dalgalanma gerilimi var. \u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Electronics StackExchange. \u201c\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gerilimi dalgalanmas\u0131yla ilgili hususlar.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Reddit r\/PLC. \u201c4-20 mA bas\u0131n\u00e7 transmiteri yard\u0131m\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Reddit r\/AskElectronics. \u201cUcuz anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131nda kabul edilebilir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc\/dalgalanma ne kadard\u0131r?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WSJT-X Groups.io. \u201cKabul Edilebilir PA G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/switch-mode-power-supply\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. \u201c\u00dcr\u00fcn Se\u00e7imi.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/product-selection\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. Ana Sayfa. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body><\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131: Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Ne Zaman \u00d6nemlidir? Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 teknik \u00f6zellik belgesinde dalgalanman\u0131n \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa bir osiloskop ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, temiz bir 100 mV testere di\u015fi dalga formuna hi\u00e7 benzeyen bir dalga formuyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz; koridorun sonundaki bir hobi merakl\u0131s\u0131 ise 5 [\u2026]'da 1,4 Vp-p \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12316,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Power Supply Ripple: What It Is & How to Measure It","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn what power supply ripple is, how to measure ripple voltage correctly with an oscilloscope, and when ripple matters for different loads.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mmlblog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12313"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12318,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313\/revisions\/12318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":12313,"date":"2026-09-11T06:36:01","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T06:36:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/?p=12313"},"modified":"2026-09-11T06:36:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-11T06:36:02","slug":"power-supply-ripple","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/power-supply-ripple\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131: Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Ne Zaman \u00d6nemlidir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n \n \n G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131: Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Ne Zaman \u00d6nemlidir?<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n <style>\n \/* fonts: BLOG scope only (brand Standard Blog CSS Header, verbatim). *\/\n @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Manrope:wght@400;600;700&family=Roboto:wght@600;700&display=swap');\n\n .bd-post {\n \/* brand header system values + plan palette (single source of hex) *\/\n --prose-width: 760px;\n --gap-attach: 16px;\n --gap-normal: 32px;\n --gap-section: 48px;\n --pad-compact: 16px;\n --pad-standard: 24px;\n --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n --text-primary: #333333;\n --text-secondary: #6E6E6E;\n --heading-ink: #000000;\n --accent: #479DE2;\n --accent-text: #2A76B4;\n --accent-on-tint: #1F5F9E;\n --accent-hover: #1F4E8C;\n --accent-hot: #FD9649;\n --inverse-bg: #1E1E1E;\n --inverse-text: #FFFFFF;\n --inverse-text-2: #B8B8B8;\n --card-fill: #E3F0FB;\n --card-border: #3F76AE;\n --card-secondary: #5F5F5F;\n --btn-white: #FFFFFF;\n --btn-ink: #0D3972;\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif;\n font-size: 16px;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--text-primary);\n background: var(--body-bg);\n padding: 40px;\n max-width: 100%;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; 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color: var(--inverse-text-2); text-align: center; max-width: 560px; margin: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn {\n display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;\n background: var(--accent-hot); color: var(--btn-ink);\n font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif; font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2;\n padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none;\n border: none; cursor: pointer;\n }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { background: var(--btn-white); color: var(--btn-ink); }\n\n \/* ===== References ===== *\/\n .bd-post .bd-refs-title { font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text-primary); margin: 48px 0 12px; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs { font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-secondary); padding-left: 1.5em; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li { margin-bottom: 6px; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li a { color: var(--accent-text); text-decoration: underline; }\n .bd-post .bd-refs li a:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }\n\n \/* ===== Motion (sanctioned set, gated) ===== *\/\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {\n @supports (animation-timeline: view()) {\n .bd-post .bd-reveal { animation: bd-fade-in linear both; animation-timeline: view(); animation-range: entry 0% entry 35%; }\n @keyframes bd-fade-in { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }\n }\n .bd-post h2 { transition: color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post h2:hover { color: var(--accent-text); transform: scale(1.02); }\n .bd-post .bd-post-article a { transition: color .2s ease-out, text-decoration-color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-card, .bd-post .bp-takeaway-card { transition: transform .2s ease-out, box-shadow .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-card:hover, .bd-post .bp-takeaway-card:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08); }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row { transition: color .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-takeaway-row:hover .bp-takeaway-text { color: var(--accent-on-tint); }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { transition: background .2s ease-out, color .2s ease-out, transform .2s ease-out; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 767px) {\n .bd-post { padding: 16px; }\n .bd-post h1 { font-size: 22px; }\n .bd-post h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-top: 32px; }\n .bd-post h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 24px; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cells { flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }\n .bd-post .bp-specnote-cell + .bp-specnote-cell { border-left: none; border-top: 1px solid var(--card-border); padding-left: 0; padding-top: 16px; margin-top: 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end { padding: 24px 16px; }\n .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-size: 20px; }\n }\n <\/style>\n <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n\n <p>Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 veri sayfas\u0131nda dalgalanman\u0131n \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa bir osiloskop ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, temiz bir 100 mV testere di\u015fi dalga formuna hi\u00e7 benzeyen bir dalga formuyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz; koridorun sonundaki bir hobi merakl\u0131s\u0131 ise yeni masa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda 5 V\u2019da 1,4 Vp-p \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc ve cihaz\u0131n bozuk olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyor (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/what_is_acceptable_noiseripple_on_cheap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/AskElectronics<\/a>, 2025). \u0130kiniz de hikayenin ayn\u0131 sayfas\u0131na bak\u0131yorsunuz: \u201cripple\u201d kelimesi \u00e7ok fazla anlam y\u00fckl\u00fc. Bu kelimenin alt\u0131nda, d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 nedene sahip d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 sinyal, d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sorunu ve \u201ckabul edilebilir\u201d kavram\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f yat\u0131yor. Bu k\u0131lavuz, bunlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131r\u0131yor ve ard\u0131ndan DC ray\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ger\u00e7ekte ne kadar temiz olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine karar vermeniz i\u00e7in bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunuyor.<\/p>\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Power-Supply-Ripple-1.webp\" style=\"width: 512px; height: 384px; max-width: 100%; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 12px; margin: 30px auto; display: block; box-shadow: 10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35); transition: all 0.3s ease; cursor: pointer;\" onmouseover=\"this.style.transform='translateY(-5px) scale(1.03)'; this.style.boxShadow='15px 25px 80px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.45)'\" onmouseout=\"this.style.transform='translateY(0) scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='10px 10px 60px 0px rgba(210, 221, 224, 0.35)'\"> \n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131 Asl\u0131nda Nedir: DC \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda Gizlenen D\u00f6rt Sinyal<\/h2>\n\n <p>Ripple, bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki do\u011fru ak\u0131m geriliminin kalan periyodik dalgalanmas\u0131d\u0131r (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vikipedi, \u201cRipple (elektrik)\u201d<\/a>). Bu tan\u0131m do\u011frudur ancak tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir anlam ifade etmez; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc osiloskoptaki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc asla tek bir sinyalden ibaret de\u011fildir. Bu DC ray\u0131nda d\u00f6rt bile\u015fen bulunur ve bunlardan sadece biri, teknik \u00f6zellik belgelerinde \u201cdalgalanma\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u015feydir:<\/p>\n\n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table\">\n <thead><tr><th>Bile\u015fen<\/th><th>Kaynak<\/th><th>Frekans<\/th><th>Teknik \u00f6zellikler tablosunda m\u0131?<\/th><th>Kime zarar veriyor?<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>\u015eebeke kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131<\/td><td>50\/60 Hz\u2019lik do\u011frusal besleme filtrelemesi<\/td><td>50\/60 Hz + harmonikler<\/td><td>evet (do\u011frusal kaynaklar)<\/td><td>ses ve radyo ekipmanlar\u0131 (u\u011fultu), di\u011ferleri nadiren<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Anahtarlama dalgalanmas\u0131<\/td><td>\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f filtresinden temel frekans\u0131 ge\u00e7irme<\/td><td>on binlerce kHz ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck MHz aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td><td>evet (\u00e7o\u011fu SMPS teknik \u00f6zellikleri)<\/td><td>teknik \u00f6zellik kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Anahtarlama g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc dalgalanmalar\u0131<\/td><td>h\u0131zl\u0131 anahtar kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n parazitik kuplaj\u0131<\/td><td>geni\u015f bant MHz+<\/td><td>nadiren<\/td><td>analog, sens\u00f6rler, hassas di\u015fli<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>Ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlar ve enjeksiyon<\/td><td>y\u00fck a\u015famalar\u0131, end\u00fcktif geri tepme, motorlar\/kontakt\u00f6rler<\/td><td>tek seferlik etkinlikler<\/td><td>hay\u0131r<\/td><td>saha ekipman\u0131<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bu ayr\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemi nedir? D\u00f6rt bile\u015fen, frekans bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 ila d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck derecesi kadar farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir; farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm d\u00fczeneklerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar, farkl\u0131 y\u00fcklerde hasara yol a\u00e7arlar ve tek bir \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 tam olarak bunlardan sadece birini kapsar. Dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (eski RMS oran\u0131 RF = V~AC \/ V~DC) da yaln\u0131zca d\u00fczg\u00fcn periyodik k\u0131sm\u0131 tan\u0131mlar ve bir RMS oran\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131k\u00e7a al\u0131nt\u0131lanan mVp-p de\u011ferinden her zaman daha b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden bu iki de\u011fer hi\u00e7bir zaman birbiriyle uyu\u015fmuyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n <p>K\u0131sa bir parantez a\u00e7al\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda bu konu s\u00fcrekli kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor: \u201calternat\u00f6r dalgalanmas\u0131\u201d \u2014teknisyenlerin diyotlar\u0131n durumunu de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kontrol ettikleri, bir arac\u0131n \u015farj \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki alternatif ak\u0131m bile\u015feni\u2014 farkl\u0131 bir sistemdeki farkl\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 kelime, farkl\u0131 bir alan; bu k\u0131lavuz ise g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 konusuna odaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi: G\u00fcvenilir Bir De\u011fer Elde Etmek<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cK\u00f6t\u00fc dalgalanma\u201d okumalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, hatal\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerdir. Elde etti\u011finiz say\u0131n\u0131n bir anlam ifade edip etmedi\u011fini \u00fc\u00e7 ayar belirler:<\/p>\n\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Ba\u011flant\u0131:<\/strong> AC kuplaj\u0131 kullan\u0131n; b\u00f6ylece DC seviyesi engellenir ve yaln\u0131zca kal\u0131nt\u0131 sinyali y\u00fckseltilir. \u015ea\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131da k\u0131lavuzda bu husus belirtilmeyi ihmal edilmektedir (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EEVblog forumu<\/a>, 2021).<\/li>\n <li><strong>Bant geni\u015fli\u011fi:<\/strong> Bir\u00e7ok osiloskoptaki 20 MHz s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, eski test spesifikasyonlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131r, modern anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n sivri u\u00e7lu, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerini gizler. Bir veri sayfas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z, \u00fcreticinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bant geni\u015fli\u011fini (genellikle 20 MHz) kullan\u0131n; ger\u00e7ek bir sorunu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z, bant geni\u015fli\u011fini sonuna kadar a\u00e7\u0131n. Ger\u00e7ek, \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Prob ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Standart bir probun uzun toprak kablosu bir anten g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu kablo olu\u015fturdu\u011fu toprak d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc, anahtarlama ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan manyetik alanlar\u0131 alg\u0131lar ve size hayali tepe de\u011ferleri g\u00f6sterir. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu nedenle, \u201cKondansat\u00f6rler ekledim ama dalgalanma h\u00e2l\u00e2 y\u00fcksek\u201d durumu genellikle bir prob sorunudur, g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 sorunu de\u011fildir (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/switching-power-supply-has-high-ripple-voltage-no-matter-how-many-capacitors-are\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2024). \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131n\u0131na bir u\u00e7-g\u00f6vde temas\u0131, bir ata\u015f topraklamas\u0131 veya 50 \u03a9'luk bir koaksiyel sonland\u0131rma kullan\u0131n (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Analog Devices AN-1144<\/a>).<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-checklist\">\n <p class=\"rich-checklist-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Bir dalgalanma okumas\u0131na g\u00fcvenmeden \u00f6nce<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-checklist-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Osiloskop kanal\u0131n\u0131 AC-\u00e7iftle<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Toprak yolunu k\u0131salt\u0131n (u\u00e7-ve-g\u00f6vde, ata\u00e7 veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6r\u00fcnde 50 \u03a9 sonland\u0131rma)<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Teknik \u00f6zelliklerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bant geni\u015fli\u011fiyle uyumlu olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ani art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 takip ediyorsan\u0131z, bant geni\u015fli\u011fini tamamen a\u00e7\u0131n<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Tek bir anahtarlama d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil, birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 izleyin<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bir enstr\u00fcman, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir uyar\u0131y\u0131 hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n <p>\u00c7o\u011fu insan\u0131n ilk olarak el att\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey \u015fudur:<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-callout\">\n <span class=\"rich-callout-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m21.73 18-8-14a2 2 0 0 0-3.48 0l-8 14A2 2 0 0 0 4 20h16a2 2 0 0 0 1.73-2Z\"\/><path d=\"M12 9v4\"\/><path d=\"M12 17h.01\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\n <p>AC voltaj ayar\u0131nda bir multimetre size dalgalanma de\u011ferini g\u00f6steremez. Bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve RMS ortalamalama \u00f6zelli\u011fi, anahtarlama ani y\u00fckselmelerini ve dalgalanmay\u0131 tek bir anlams\u0131z say\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu cihaz\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u201cburada bir \u015fey var m\u0131?\u201d diye kabaca kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Video platformlar\u0131nda dola\u015fan \u201ckablonun ucundaki iki kondansat\u00f6r\u201d hilesi, bir takdir meselesidir: Bu y\u00f6ntem, ba\u011fl\u0131 bir y\u00fck\u00fc sim\u00fcle eder; bu, \u00e7\u0131plak bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na k\u0131yasla daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7idir, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda asl\u0131nda g\u00f6rmeniz gerekebilecek baz\u0131 \u015feyleri de filtreler (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EEVblog forumu<\/a>, 2021). \u00d6ncelikle d\u00f6rt sinyalden hangisini takip edece\u011finize karar verin. Ard\u0131ndan, o sinyali ge\u00e7iren kurulumunu se\u00e7in.<\/p>\n\n <h2>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131nda Ne Kadar Dalgalanma Kabul Edilebilir? Bu, y\u00fcke ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cHangi dalgalanma kabul edilebilir?\u201d diye sorarsan\u0131z, birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen yan\u0131tlar al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z: mutlak milivolt de\u011ferleri (ATX spesifikasyonu, +12 V hatt\u0131nda 120 mVp-p ve 5 V\/3,3 V hatlar\u0131nda 50 mVp-p\u2019ye izin verir; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tom\u2019s Hardware<\/a>), y\u00fczdeler (1% yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir kural\u0131d\u0131r; ARRL el kitaplar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, CW vericileri i\u00e7in 5%\u2019den daha iyi bir oran ve lineer amplifikat\u00f6r plak beslemeleri i\u00e7in 3%\u2019den daha iyi bir oran \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir, \u015funa g\u00f6re: <a href=\"https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WSJT-X groups.io<\/a>, (, 2021) ve dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc. Bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir; her biri farkl\u0131 bir y\u00fck i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir \u015feyi \u00f6l\u00e7er. Ger\u00e7eklikle y\u00fczle\u015fti\u011finde ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini koruyan tek yakla\u015f\u0131m, bu soruyu hangi cihaza g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h3>D\u00f6rt y\u00fck aral\u0131\u011f\u0131: Kim \u00f6nemser ki, peki ne kadar?<\/h3>\n\n <ul>\n <li><strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve elektromanyetik ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k (r\u00f6le bobinleri, lambalar, pompalar, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131):<\/strong> Buradaki dalgalanma esasen \u00f6nemsizdir. Bu y\u00fcklerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma marjlar\u0131 \u00e7ok geni\u015ftir; 24 V'luk bir rayda meydana gelen 100 mV'lik bir dalgalanma, onlar i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmez.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Dijital mant\u0131k:<\/strong> \u00c7o\u011fu mant\u0131k kart\u0131, silikona ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce ray dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131 emen kendi yerel d\u00fczenleme devresine sahiptir. Mant\u0131k devrelerine as\u0131l zarar veren, y\u00fck noktas\u0131nda meydana gelen ge\u00e7ici gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu, ge\u00e7ici bir sorundur; dalgalanma spesifikasyonuyla ilgili bir sorun de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>Analog \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve veri toplama:<\/strong> 4\u201320 mA d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri, vericiler, ADC \u00f6n u\u00e7lar\u0131. Burada dalgalanma, hata b\u00fct\u00e7esine do\u011frudan etki eder. Alan\u0131nda deneyimli m\u00fchendisler taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilen genel bir kural, 30 mV de\u011ferinin genel kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in kabul edilebilir, ancak 1,8 V\u2019luk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltajl\u0131 hassas mant\u0131k devreleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fudur (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/output-voltage-ripple-considerations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2020); bu mant\u0131k, referans ve sinyalin ayn\u0131 ray\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 herhangi bir analog \u00f6n uca da uygulanabilir.<\/li>\n <li><strong>RF ve ses:<\/strong> En zorlu bant; burada dalgalanma ve parazit, u\u011fultu ve parazit sinyallerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte yukar\u0131daki ARRL y\u00fczdelerinin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 budur.<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n\n <h3>Neden bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u201ckabul edilebilir\u201d \u00f6l\u00e7ek hi\u00e7bir zaman birbiriyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor?<\/h3>\n\n <p>Milivolt, y\u00fczde ve dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc, farkl\u0131 voltaj hatlar\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri \u00f6l\u00e7er. 100 mV\u2019luk bir dalgalanma, 5 V\u2019luk bir voltaj hatt\u0131nda 2%, 24 V\u2019luk bir voltaj hatt\u0131nda ise 0,4%\u201cye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Ayn\u0131 fiziksel de\u011fer, hangi \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fe g\u00f6re okundu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Dalgalanma fakt\u00f6r\u00fc durumu daha da karma\u015f\u0131k hale getirir: Bu de\u011fer bir RMS oran\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc biriminde \u201d0,07\u201c (7%) gibi \u00f6rnek niteli\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, 50 mVp-p'lik bir hatla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda endi\u015fe verici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Herhangi iki say\u0131y\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce, bunlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 rayda, ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc biriminde ve ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirin. Bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, \u201d\u00e7eli\u015fkili tavsiyelerin\u201d \u00e7o\u011fu ortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Kendi raylar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma matrisi<\/h3>\n\n <p><strong>T\u00fcm kavram\u0131 tek c\u00fcmleyle \u00f6zetlemek gerekirse: Bir r\u00f6le dolab\u0131 i\u00e7in gayet uygun olan bir ray, 4\u201320 mA\u2019l\u0131k bir vericinin ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131na neden olabilir. \u00d6nce y\u00fck\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131n, sonra milivoltlar hakk\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n <table class=\"rich-table rich-matrix\">\n <thead><tr><th>Y\u00fck t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th><th>Hassasiyet aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th><th>Dikkat edilmesi gereken sinyal<\/th><th>\u201cYeter\u201d \u015f\u00f6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor:<\/th><th>Eylem<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n <tbody>\n <tr><td>R\u00f6le bobinleri, lambalar, kontakt\u00f6rler, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131<\/td><td>ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<\/td><td>yok<\/td><td>yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir de\u011fer<\/td><td>Teknik \u00f6zellikler pek \u00f6nemli de\u011fil (fiyat ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6re se\u00e7im yap\u0131n)<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>MCU\/mant\u0131k kartlar\u0131<\/td><td>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td><td>ge\u00e7ici d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, dalgalanma de\u011fil<\/td><td>kart \u00fczerindeki reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcn giri\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde<\/td><td>demiryolunu de\u011fil, yerel y\u00f6netmelikleri kontrol edin<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>4\u201320 mA devreleri, vericiler, ADC \u00f6n u\u00e7lar\u0131<\/td><td>y\u00fcksek<\/td><td>dalgalanma + g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc<\/td><td>y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131zda do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f, on mVp-p s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda veya daha iyi<\/td><td>maksimum de\u011fer (tip de\u011fil), bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fck ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr>\n <tr><td>RF \/ ses a\u015famalar\u0131<\/td><td>a\u015f\u0131r\u0131<\/td><td>dalgalanma + g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, hepsi<\/td><td>b\u00fct\u00e7enin elverdi\u011fi en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde<\/td><td>teknik \u00f6zellik tablolar\u0131n\u0131 incelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine bir reg\u00fclat\u00f6r sonras\u0131 devre (LDO veya LC) tasarlay\u0131n<\/td><\/tr>\n <\/tbody>\n <\/table>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>D\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck konusunda bir not: Bu gruplar\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin resmi ve evrensel bir e\u015fik de\u011feri yoktur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her bir y\u00fck\u00fcn teknik verileri as\u0131l referans kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu matris, k\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00f6r\u00fcne g\u00fcvenebilece\u011finiz bir say\u0131 de\u011fil, nereye bakman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Ayr\u0131ca, teknik \u00f6zelliklerin asla kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hususu da unutmay\u0131n: eskime. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6rleri eskidik\u00e7e ESR artar ve filtreleme performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer; bu nedenle, birinci y\u0131lda testten ge\u00e7en bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, be\u015finci y\u0131lda daha g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc hale gelebilir. Buna \u201ceskiden sorunsuzdu\u201d ar\u0131za modu diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Ripple Spesifikasyonunu \u0130ncelemek: Teknik \u00d6zellik Belgesindeki Rakamlar Size Neleri Anlat\u0131r, Neleri Anlatmaz?<\/h2>\n\n <p>\u201cRipple ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc: 120 mVp-p\u201d gibi bir teknik \u00f6zellik sat\u0131r\u0131, farkl\u0131 tedarik\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda birbirine benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Ancak ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenene kadar durum b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Bu resim, bir test d\u00fczene\u011finin foto\u011fraf\u0131d\u0131r<\/h3>\n\n <p>DIN ray\u0131 tipi 75 W g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 ele alal\u0131m: Mean Well NDR-75 serisi, 12 V \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta 80 mVp-p, 24 V\u2019da 120 mVp-p, ve 48 V'da 150 mVp-p de\u011ferlerini g\u00f6sterir. Distrib\u00fct\u00f6r\u00fcn tablosunda g\u00f6sterilmeyen, ancak tam veri sayfas\u0131nda genellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harflerle belirtilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemidir: bant geni\u015fli\u011fi (tipik olarak 20 MHz), y\u00fck ko\u015fulu (genellikle tam y\u00fck) ve sonland\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi (Analog Devices'\u0131n uygulama notunda belirtilen 50 \u03a9 koaksiyel teknik, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bin y\u00fcz k\u0131rk d\u00f6rt<\/a>). \u0130ki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 da \u201c120 mVp-p\u201d de\u011ferini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde beyan edebilir ve y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131zda farkl\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar sergileyebilir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlardan biri 50% y\u00fck\u00fcnde, di\u011feri ise 100% y\u00fck\u00fcnde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilir ya da biri 20 MHz\u2019de, di\u011feri ise tam a\u00e7\u0131k konumda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-specnote-card\">\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cells\">\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cell\">\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-label\">tip<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-text\">\u0130yi bir g\u00fcnde ne g\u00fczel bir numune \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-specnote-cell\">\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-label\">maksimum<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-text\">Bir tedarik\u00e7iden talep edebilece\u011finiz taahh\u00fct.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"bp-specnote-foot\">Yaln\u0131zca tipik de\u011ferler mi yazd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor? Herhangi bir garanti verilmemektedir.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <h3>Ucuz ve kaliteli sarf malzemelerinin ger\u00e7ekte birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta<\/h3>\n\n <p>\u0130\u015fte bilmeye de\u011fer bir \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc: Temel anahtarlama dalgalanmas\u0131nda, ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131ftaki uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve markal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 ayn\u0131 milivolt aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yer al\u0131r: 12\u201348 V raylar\u0131nda 80 ila 150 mVp-p de\u011feri, piyasa genelinde tipik bir aral\u0131kt\u0131r. Farkl\u0131l\u0131k di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 sinyalde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131 belirtilmez (ya da bant geni\u015fli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131yla belirtilmez); ge\u00e7ici tepki dalgalanma sat\u0131r\u0131nda yer almaz; ve ko\u015ful \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n size form\u00fcl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131\u011f\u0131) b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, fiyat fark\u0131 size bir \u015fey kazand\u0131r\u0131yorsa, bu genellikle \u201cmaksimum de\u011fer\u201d ile \u201ctipik de\u011fer\u201d aras\u0131ndaki fark, parti tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fcr\u00fcst test ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve rakam\u0131n arkas\u0131nda yatan garantidir; daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir dalgalanma de\u011feri de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n <h3>Herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na sorulmas\u0131 gereken be\u015f soru<\/h3>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-checklist\">\n <p class=\"rich-checklist-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m3 17 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"m3 7 2 2 4-4\"\/><path d=\"M13 6h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 12h8\"\/><path d=\"M13 18h8\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ripple teknik \u00f6zelliklerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce sorulmas\u0131 gereken be\u015f soru<\/p>\n <ul class=\"rich-checklist-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Bu \u201ctyp\u201d mi yoksa \u201cmax\u201d m\u0131?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Hangi bant geni\u015fli\u011finde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc (20 MHz mi yoksa a\u00e7\u0131k m\u0131)?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Hangi y\u00fck durumunda (tam, yar\u0131m veya belirtilmemi\u015f)?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcyle ilgili ayr\u0131 bir teknik \u00f6zellik var m\u0131, yoksa \u201cdalgalanma ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc\u201d kavram\u0131 bunlar\u0131 tek bir ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda m\u0131 topluyor?<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-item-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M20 6 9 17l-5-5\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Ger\u00e7ek y\u00fck\u00fcm ad\u0131m ad\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta ne olur ve ge\u00e7ici durumla ilgili bir teknik \u00f6zellik var m\u0131?<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Ve kimsenin yazd\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r: <strong>filtrelemeyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemiyorsa.<\/strong> \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kondansat\u00f6rlerini zaten denediyseniz ve \u201cdalgalanma\u201d seviyesi y\u00fcksek kalm\u0131\u015fsa, neredeyse kesin olarak dalgalanma de\u011fil, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 takip ediyordunuz demektir. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015ftaki kondansat\u00f6rler periyodik bile\u015feni yumu\u015fatabilir, ancak bant geni\u015fli\u011fi anahtarlama sinyaliyle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan sivri u\u00e7lar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaz (<a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/switching-power-supply-has-high-ripple-voltage-no-matter-how-many-capacitors-are\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elektronik StackExchange<\/a>, 2024). Hassas y\u00fckler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, en do\u011fru cevap genellikle daha y\u00fcksek performans rakamlar\u0131na sahip ancak daha pahal\u0131 bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 yerine, bir sonradan d\u00fczenleyici (anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen bir LC filtresi veya LDO) kullanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Sahada Sorun Giderme: \u201cKirli\u201d 24 V Sens\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fc Bozdu \u2014 Dalgalanma m\u0131, De\u011fil mi?<\/h2>\n\n <p>Bir 4\u201320 mA vericisi s\u00fcrekli yan\u0131yorsa veya analog okuma de\u011feri sap\u0131yorsa, sahadaki ilk i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fc do\u011frudur: \u00f6nce g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenin. \u201c\u0130lk olarak g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ederim \u2014 ani gerilim y\u00fckselmeleri veya dalgalanma i\u00e7ermeyen, temiz ve istikrarl\u0131 bir 24 VDC oldu\u011fundan emin olurum; kirli g\u00fc\u00e7, sens\u00f6rleri h\u0131zla yakabilir,\u201d diye ifade etti bir r\/PLC teknisyeni, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde iki yedek par\u00e7ay\u0131 da yakm\u0131\u015f olan bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 transmiterini te\u015fhis ederken (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/PLC<\/a>, 2025). Ancak o ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki kontrol listesinin asl\u0131nda neleri ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat edin: kontakt\u00f6rler ve motorlar devreye girdi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ani gerilim art\u0131\u015flar\u0131, topraklama ve ba\u011flama, VFD ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131; dalgalanma spesifikasyonu de\u011fil. \u0130\u015fte sahada uygulanan d\u00f6rt sinyal ayr\u0131m\u0131 budur.<\/p>\n\n <ol>\n <li><strong>Anahtarlama olaylar\u0131 genelinde ray\u0131 kapsamaya al\u0131n:<\/strong> Sadece sabit dalga formuna de\u011fil, kabin i\u00e7indeki bir kontakt\u00f6r veya motorun devreye girdi\u011fi anda neler oldu\u011funa da bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n <li><strong>0 V referans gerilimini kontrol edin:<\/strong> Beslemenin negatif ucu, di\u011fer ekipmanlardan ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131yan bir topraklamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0131? Y\u00fck alt\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u201c0 V\u201d de\u011feri, dalgalanma sorunu de\u011fil, enjeksiyon sorunudur.<\/li>\n <li><strong>D\u0131\u015f kaynaklara dikkat edin:<\/strong> VFD ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan motorlar, yak\u0131nlarda yap\u0131lan kaynak i\u015fleri, bir \u00fcretim hatt\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131. Bir r\/PLC vakas\u0131nda, sens\u00f6rlerin tekrar tekrar ar\u0131zalanmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, ayn\u0131 tanka fiziksel olarak ba\u011fl\u0131 olan VFD ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir pompa motorundaki a\u015f\u0131narak kopmu\u015f topraklama ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olarak tespit edildi (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit r\/PLC<\/a>, 2025).<\/li>\n <li><strong>\u0130zolasyon deneyini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirin:<\/strong> \u015e\u00fcpheli sens\u00f6re ayr\u0131, \u00f6zel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden (veya bir sinyal izolat\u00f6r\u00fc arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flay\u0131n. E\u011fer sens\u00f6r bu durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ederse, sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir; e\u011fer orada da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmazsa, sens\u00f6r\u00fc ve devreyi inceleyin.<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n\n \n <div class=\"rich-steps\">\n <p class=\"rich-steps-title\"><span class=\"rich-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"19\" r=\"3\"\/><path d=\"M9 19h8.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0-7h-11a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7H15\"\/><circle cx=\"18\" cy=\"5\" r=\"3\"\/><\/svg><\/span>Saha triyaj\u0131: dalgalanma var m\u0131, yok mu?<\/p>\n <ol class=\"rich-steps-list\">\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">1<\/span>Sadece kararl\u0131 durum de\u011fil, anahtarlama olay\u0131 boyunca kapsam<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">2<\/span>0 V referans geriliminin di\u011fer y\u00fcklerle birlikte de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini kontrol edin<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">3<\/span>D\u0131\u015f kaynaklar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n (VFD\u2019ler, kaynaklar, korozyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131)<\/li>\n <li><span class=\"rich-step-num\">4<\/span>Sens\u00f6r\u00fc ayr\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flay\u0131n ve durumu izleyin<\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/div>\n\n <p>Bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n tersi de ge\u00e7erlidir: Ar\u0131zal\u0131 sens\u00f6rlerin \u00e7o\u011funun g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir ilgisi yoktur. Toprak d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri, bir VFD\u2019nin ortak mod ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, sistem kapal\u0131yken yap\u0131lan kaynak i\u015flemleri ve sens\u00f6r\u00fcn kendisi; hepsi \u201ckirli g\u00fc\u00e7\u201d gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu d\u00f6rt ad\u0131m, tam da sa\u011flam bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha iyisiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirip i\u015fi bitmi\u015f sayman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu, klasik ve pahal\u0131 bir \u201cyanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u201d \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n <h2>Bayiler i\u00e7in: En D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Milivolt De\u011ferini De\u011fil, Te\u015fhisi Sat\u0131n<\/h2>\n\n <p>E\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 sat\u0131yorsan\u0131z, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen her \u015fey tek bir ticari ger\u00e7e\u011fe indirgenebilir: Yanm\u0131\u015f bir sens\u00f6r veya sapma g\u00f6steren bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc nedeniyle arayan m\u00fc\u015fteri, hangi g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dalgalanma de\u011ferinin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu sormuyor. M\u00fc\u015fteri, elindeki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sorun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun yerine ne almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini soruyor. Satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bile\u015fenler, bu sorunun her iki taraf\u0131nda da yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n <p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sat\u0131\u015f mant\u0131\u011f\u0131, teknik mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 takip eder. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 y\u00fckler i\u00e7in (r\u00f6leler, lambalar, kontakt\u00f6r dolaplar\u0131, onar\u0131m ve bak\u0131m pazar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131), dalgalanma bir sat\u0131\u015f arg\u00fcman\u0131 de\u011fildir. Fiyat, bulunabilirlik ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k konusunda rekabet edin ve fark\u0131 asla g\u00f6remeyecek m\u00fc\u015fterilere iyi teknik \u00f6zellik sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015fa harcamay\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n. Hassas y\u00fckler (4\u201320 mA d\u00f6ng\u00fcler, vericiler, analog kartlar, kodlay\u0131c\u0131lar) i\u00e7in en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck milivolt yerine teknik \u00f6zellik \u015feffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Maksimum de\u011feri (tipik de\u011feri de\u011fil), \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bant geni\u015fli\u011fini ve y\u00fck ko\u015fulunu belirtin; bu rakam\u0131n neyi kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131mlar) a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n. \u0130\u015fte bu, s\u0131radan bir sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemi ile dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k i\u00e7eren bir sat\u0131\u015f aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r ve bu, katalog fiyat\u0131yla alt edilemeyecek olan konu\u015fman\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n <p>Ayn\u0131 mant\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 hizmetlerinizi de korur: Bir m\u00fc\u015fteri bir ar\u0131za bildirdi\u011finde, yedek par\u00e7a teklif etmeden \u00f6nce sahada bir \u00f6n de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131n. Ani gerilim y\u00fckselmeleri ve ge\u00e7ici ak\u0131m dalgalanmalar\u0131 nedeniyle ar\u0131zalanan bir sens\u00f6r, yedek par\u00e7ay\u0131 da bozacakt\u0131r. \u201cSorun g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fil, \u015funu kontrol etmelisiniz\u201d \u015feklindeki d\u00fcr\u00fcst cevap, bir distrib\u00fct\u00f6r\u00fc tekrar aramaya de\u011fer k\u0131lan \u015feydir. Ayr\u0131ca, t\u00fcm zincirin tek bir rafta yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n: g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, sens\u00f6r ve y\u00fck\u00fc anahtarlayan r\u00f6le ayn\u0131 sipari\u015fte, ayn\u0131 kabinde ve genellikle ayn\u0131 te\u015fhiste yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-card\">\n <p class=\"bp-takeaway-title\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-icon\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"6\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2\"\/><\/svg><\/span>\u00dc\u00e7 kural<\/p>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-rows\">\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">1<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k fakt\u00f6rleri: sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k, bulunabilirlik.<\/p><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">2<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Hassas y\u00fckler: Maksimum de\u011fer, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fck ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 belirtin.<\/p><\/div>\n <div class=\"bp-takeaway-row\"><span class=\"bp-takeaway-num\">3<\/span><p class=\"bp-takeaway-text\">Sahada meydana gelen ar\u0131zalar: \u00f6nce durum de\u011ferlendirmesi, sonra de\u011fi\u015ftirme.<\/p><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p><em>15 W ile 480 W aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki DIN ray\u0131 tipi anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekiyorsa veya se\u00e7im s\u00fcrecinde size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak birine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, OMCH\u2019nin <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 serisi<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00fcr\u00fcn se\u00e7imi deste\u011fi<\/a> ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 i\u00e7in pratik bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n \n <div class=\"bp-cta-end\">\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-title\">Teknik \u00f6zelliklerle ilgili sorular\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131 var? Sat\u0131n almadan \u00f6nce sorun.<\/p>\n <p class=\"bp-cta-end-sub\">Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fck t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve ak\u0131m \u00e7ekimini bize iletin. Se\u00e7im m\u00fchendislerimiz, DIN ray\u0131 tipi veya kapal\u0131 tip bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nerecek ve size kesin de\u011ferleri verecektir.<\/p>\n <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">Se\u00e7im talebi g\u00f6nderin<svg viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/a>\n <\/div>\n\n <p class=\"bd-refs-title\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/p>\n <ol class=\"bd-refs\">\n <li>Wikipedia. \u201cRipple (elektrik).\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ripple_(electrical)<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Analog Devices. \u201cAN-1144: Anahtarlamal\u0131 Reg\u00fclat\u00f6rlerde \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Dalgalanmas\u0131 ve Anahtarlama Ge\u00e7i\u015f Olaylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/app-notes\/an-1144.html<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Tom\u2019s Hardware. \u201cDalgalanma Gerilimi \u2014 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 Nas\u0131l Test Ediyoruz.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tomshardware.com\/reviews\/how-we-test-psu,4042-5.html<\/a><\/li>\n <li>EEVblog Forumu. \u201cBu teknikle g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 dalgalanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.eevblog.com\/forum\/beginners\/measure-power-supply-ripple-with-this-technique\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Electronics StackExchange. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda, ka\u00e7 tane kondansat\u00f6r eklenirse eklensin y\u00fcksek dalgalanma gerilimi var. \u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/707711\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Electronics StackExchange. \u201c\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gerilimi dalgalanmas\u0131yla ilgili hususlar.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/electronics.stackexchange.com\/questions\/501187\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Reddit r\/PLC. \u201c4-20 mA bas\u0131n\u00e7 transmiteri yard\u0131m\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/PLC\/comments\/1kragst\/420_ma_pressure_transmitter_help\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>Reddit r\/AskElectronics. \u201cUcuz anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131nda kabul edilebilir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc\/dalgalanma ne kadard\u0131r?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/AskElectronics\/comments\/1gm8h7m\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>WSJT-X Groups.io. \u201cKabul Edilebilir PA G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/wsjtx.groups.io\/g\/main\/topic\/acceptable_pa_power_supply\/71775932<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/switch-mode-power-supply\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. \u201c\u00dcr\u00fcn Se\u00e7imi.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/product-selection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/product-selection\/<\/a><\/li>\n <li>OMCH. Ana Sayfa. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n <\/ol>\n <\/article>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/body><\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Dalgalanmas\u0131: Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Ne Zaman \u00d6nemlidir? Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 teknik \u00f6zellik belgesinde dalgalanman\u0131n \u201c\u2264100 mVp-p\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa bir osiloskop ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, temiz bir 100 mV testere di\u015fi dalga formuna hi\u00e7 benzeyen bir dalga formuyla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz; koridorun sonundaki bir hobi merakl\u0131s\u0131 ise 5 [\u2026]'da 1,4 Vp-p \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12316,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Power Supply Ripple: What It Is & How to Measure It","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn what power supply ripple is, how to measure ripple voltage correctly with an oscilloscope, and when ripple matters for different loads.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mmlblog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12313"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12318,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12313\/revisions\/12318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}