{"id":12044,"date":"2026-07-16T02:14:32","date_gmt":"2026-07-16T02:14:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/?p=12044"},"modified":"2026-07-16T02:14:34","modified_gmt":"2026-07-16T02:14:34","slug":"what-is-a-linear-power-supply","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/what-is-a-linear-power-supply\/","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nedir: Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, Di\u011fer T\u00fcrlerle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Ne Zaman Tercih Edilmelidir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html><head>\n  <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n  <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">\n  <title>Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nedir: Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, Di\u011fer T\u00fcrlerle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Ne Zaman Tercih Edilmelidir?<\/title>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<!-- \u2193\u2193\u2193 The deployable fragment begins here. \u2193\u2193\u2193 -->\n<div class=\"bd-post\">\n  <style>\n    @import url('https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Manrope:wght@400;600;700&family=Roboto:wght@600;700&display=swap');\n\n    .bd-post {\n      --prose-width: 720px;\n      --gap-attach: 16px;\n      --gap-normal: 32px;\n      --gap-section: 48px;\n      --pad-compact: 16px;\n      --pad-standard: 24px;\n\n      \/* Palette \u2014 OMCH brand, per design-plan.md *\/\n      --body-bg: #FFFFFF;\n      --text-primary: #333333;\n      --text-secondary: #6E6E6E;\n      --heading-ink: #000000;\n      --accent: #479DE2;\n      --accent-text: #1A6DB5;\n      --accent-hot: #FD9649;\n      --inverse-bg: #1E1E1E;\n      --inverse-text: #FFFFFF;\n      --inverse-text-secondary: #B0B0B0;\n      --card-fill: #F4F8FC;\n      --card-border: #E0E0E0;\n      --panel-fill: #FAFAFA;\n      --btn-white: #FFFFFF;\n      --btn-ink: #1E1E1E;\n      --divider: #C0C0C0;\n\n      font-family: \"Manrope\", sans-serif;\n      font-size: 16px;\n      font-weight: 400;\n      line-height: 1.6;\n      color: var(--text-primary);\n      background: var(--body-bg);\n      padding: 40px;\n      max-width: 100%;\n      box-sizing: border-box;\n    }\n\n    .bd-post a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; 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}\n      .bd-post h1 { font-size: 22px; }\n      .bd-post h2 { font-size: 26px; margin-top: 32px; }\n      .bd-post h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-top: 24px; }\n\n      \/* BP-1: vertical stack *\/\n      .bd-post .bp-1-flow { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 12px; }\n      .bd-post .bp-1-step { flex-direction: row; text-align: left; gap: 12px; align-items: center; }\n      .bd-post .bp-1-arrow { width: 100%; height: 24px; }\n      .bd-post .bp-1-arrow svg { transform: rotate(90deg); }\n\n      \/* BP-2 *\/\n      .bd-post .bp-2-formula { font-size: 24px; }\n\n      \/* BP-3: responsive table *\/\n      .bd-post .bp-3-table th { font-size: 14px; }\n      .bd-post .bp-3-table td { padding: 12px 0; }\n      .bd-post .bp-3-val { font-size: 17px; }\n      .bd-post .bp-3-dim-sub { display: none; }\n      .bd-post .bp-3-note { font-size: 12px; }\n\n      \/* BP-cta *\/\n      .bd-post .bp-cta-end-title { font-size: 20px; }\n      .bd-post .bp-cta-end-btn { padding: 10px 24px; font-size: 15px; }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <article class=\"bd-post-article\">\n\n    <h1><\/h1>\n\n    <h2>Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n    <p>Do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme transformat\u00f6r\u00fc ve bir do\u011frusal gerilim reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc (aktif b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve hassas bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gerilimini korumak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli ayarlanabilir bir diren\u00e7 gibi davranan bir transist\u00f6r) kullanarak alternatif ak\u0131m \u015febeke elektri\u011fini sabit, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir do\u011fru ak\u0131m \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir t\u00fcr do\u011fru ak\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bunu titiz bir zanaatkar gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn: gere\u011finden fazla enerji harcar, ancak sonu\u00e7 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc derecede temizdir. Do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 genellikle 40% ile 60% aras\u0131nda bir verimlilik g\u00f6sterir \u2014 bu da giri\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, yararl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yerine \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.acopian.com\/linear-power-supply-vs-switching-power-supply-vs-unregulated-power-supply.html\">Acopian<\/a>). Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, 0,25 mV RMS kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f dalgalanmas\u0131 \u00fcretirler \u2014 bu, tipik bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na k\u0131yasla 20 ila 50 kat daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir seviyedir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>A\u011f\u0131rd\u0131rlar, fazla \u0131s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 on y\u0131llard\u0131r neredeyse hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Yine de laboratuvarlarda, kay\u0131t st\u00fcdyolar\u0131nda, hastanelerde ve tamamen temiz DC g\u00fc\u00e7 gerektiren her yerde, do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 vazge\u00e7ilmezdir. Bunun nedenini anlamak i\u00e7in nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n\n    <h2>Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n    <p>Her lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6rt a\u015famal\u0131 sinyal yolunu izler: AC \u015febeke ak\u0131m\u0131 girer, gerilimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, do\u011frultulur ve filtrelenerek kaba DC haline getirilir; son olarak da bir lineer reg\u00fclat\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenerek temiz ve kararl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f elde edilir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 d\u00f6rt a\u015famadan ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n\n    <h3>1. Ad\u0131m \u2014 Transformat\u00f6r: Gerilimi D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme<\/h3>\n\n    <p>AC \u015febeke ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u015fey, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir demir \u00e7ekirdekli transformat\u00f6rd\u00fcr. G\u00f6revi olduk\u00e7a basittir: Duvardan gelen 110 V veya 220 V\u2019luk ak\u0131m\u0131 al\u0131r ve bunu \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir AC gerilime d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr \u2014 genellikle ikincil tarafta 12 V ile 24 V AC aras\u0131nda bir de\u011fere. Ayr\u0131ca, g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla devrenizi \u015febekeden ay\u0131rarak galvanik izolasyon sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bu transformat\u00f6r, lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck ve a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli nedenidir. \u015eebeke frekans\u0131 olan 50 veya 60 Hz\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekanslarda verimli bir transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir demir \u00e7ekirde\u011fe ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da bak\u0131r tel sarg\u0131s\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. 100 watt\u2019l\u0131k bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sadece transformat\u00f6r\u00fc 1,5 ila 2,5 kilogram a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olabilir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bunu, transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn 50 kHz veya daha y\u00fcksek frekansta \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n: frekans artt\u0131k\u00e7a gerekli manyetik kesit k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00e7ekirdek, orijinal boyutunun \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131na indirgenir. Ancak do\u011frusal bir tasar\u0131mda, bu hacimden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir \u2014 bu, basitli\u011fin bedelidir.<\/p>\n\n    <h3>2. ve 3. Ad\u0131m \u2014 Do\u011frultma ve Filtreleme: Alternatif Ak\u0131mdan Kaba Do\u011fru Ak\u0131ma<\/h3>\n\n    <p>Transformat\u00f6r d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gerilimli alternatif ak\u0131m sa\u011flad\u0131ktan sonra, bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc redres\u00f6r \u2014 elmas \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f d\u00f6rt diyot \u2014 her alternatif ak\u0131m d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn negatif yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7evirerek, alternatif sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131n\u0131 bir dizi pozitif y\u00f6nl\u00fc tepe noktas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. M\u00fchendisler buna \u201ctitre\u015fimli do\u011fru ak\u0131m\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bu bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131r, ancak kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 de\u011fildir. Gerilim h\u00e2l\u00e2 saniyede 100 veya 120 kez s\u0131f\u0131rdan tepe de\u011ferine sal\u0131nmaktad\u0131r (d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn her iki yar\u0131s\u0131 da art\u0131k ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu, \u015febeke frekans\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131d\u0131r). Bunu d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in, do\u011frultucu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir elektrolitik kondansat\u00f6r \u2014 genellikle birka\u00e7 bin mikrofarad, \u00f6rne\u011fin 4.700 \u00b5F veya 10.000 \u00b5F \u2014 ba\u011flan\u0131r. Bu depo kondansat\u00f6r\u00fc, her tepe noktas\u0131nda tepe gerilime kadar \u015farj olur ve tepe noktalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluklarda y\u00fcke de\u015farj olur; b\u00f6ylece dalga formunu DC'ye benzeyen bir \u015fekle getirir, ancak yine de dalgalanma i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Yararl\u0131 bir zihinsel model: Kondansat\u00f6r, bir su deposu gibi davran\u0131r. Kaynak taraf\u0131nda, redres\u00f6r suyu darbeler halinde besler. Y\u00fck taraf\u0131nda ise y\u00fck s\u00fcrekli olarak su \u00e7eker. Depo, ani ak\u0131m art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 emerek sabit bir ak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flar \u2014 ancak y\u00fczeyde yine de dalgalanmalar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n    <h3>4. Ad\u0131m \u2014 Gerilim D\u00fczenlemesi: Do\u011frusal Tasar\u0131m\u0131n Kalbi<\/h3>\n\n    <p>\u0130\u015fte bu noktada do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 hak eder. Kaba bir \u015fekilde filtrelenmi\u015f do\u011fru ak\u0131m, \u015fimdi do\u011frusal veya aktif b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir seri ge\u00e7i\u015f transist\u00f6r\u00fcne \u2014 yani d\u00fczenleme eleman\u0131na \u2014 girer. Tamamen a\u00e7\u0131k ya da tamamen kapal\u0131 konumlara sahip bir anahtar\u0131n aksine, bu transist\u00f6r her zaman k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ve de\u011fi\u015fken bir diren\u00e7 gibi davran\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bir geri besleme devresi, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f gerilimini s\u00fcrekli olarak izler. Ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, hassas bir referans gerilimle (genellikle \u00b12% ile \u00b15% aras\u0131nda bir do\u011frulukta) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve transist\u00f6r\u00fcn direncini dinamik olarak ayarlar: \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok y\u00fckselirse, transist\u00f6r kendi \u00fczerinden daha fazla gerilim d\u00fc\u015fmesi i\u00e7in direncini art\u0131r\u0131r; \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015ferse ise direncini azalt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, giri\u015f gerilimi veya y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak son derece kararl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f elde edilir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bu \u00f6d\u00fcnle\u015fim, tek bir denklemle ifade edilebilir:<\/p>\n\n    <blockquote><p><strong>P_dissipated = (V_in \u2212 V_out) \u00d7 I_load<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n    <p>Ger\u00e7ek bir \u00f6rnek ele alal\u0131m: Giri\u015finden 18 V alan ve y\u00fcke 2 A ak\u0131mla 12 V veren bir do\u011frusal reg\u00fclat\u00f6r. Transist\u00f6rdeki voltaj d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc 6V'tur ve \u00fczerinden 2A ak\u0131m ge\u00e7ti\u011finde bu, 12 watt \u0131s\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir \u2014 tamamen israf olan ve bir so\u011futucu taraf\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan enerji. Bu nedenle lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r ve verimlilikleri temel olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r: giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f voltaj\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki fark ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckse, o kadar fazla enerji \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n    <p>LM317 (ayarlanabilir) ve 78xx sabit gerilim serisi (5 V i\u00e7in 7805, 12 V i\u00e7in 7812) gibi klasik entegre do\u011frusal reg\u00fclat\u00f6rler, bu geri besleme ve d\u00fczenleme devresinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 tek bir \u00fc\u00e7 pimli yongaya s\u0131\u011fd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu devreler, k\u0131rk y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir elektronik tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur \u2014 basittir, g\u00fcvenilirdir ve yeterli so\u011futma sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bozulmalar\u0131 neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <!-- BP-1: 4-Stage Process Flow -->\n    <div class=\"bp-1-flow bd-reveal\">\n      <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n        <div class=\"bp-1-num\">1<\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-1-label\">Transformat\u00f6r<br>AC gerilimini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n        <div class=\"bp-1-num\">2<\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-1-label\">D\u00fczeltme + Filtreleme<br>AC <svg style=\"width:12px;height:12px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline;color:var(--accent)\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg> kaba DC<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n        <div class=\"bp-1-num\">3<\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-1-label\">Do\u011frusal Reg\u00fclat\u00f6r<br>Hassas gerilim kontrol\u00fc<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-arrow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-1-step\">\n        <div class=\"bp-1-num\">4<\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-1-label\">Temiz DC \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131<br>&lt;1 mV dalgalanma<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>Do\u011frusal ve Anahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131: Temel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/h2>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Gemini_Generated_Image_55gp9855gp9855gp.webp\" alt=\"A\u00e7\u0131klama metni\" class=\"bd-post-image\" loading=\"lazy\">\n\n    <p>G\u00fc\u00e7 elektroni\u011fi alan\u0131nda biraz zaman ge\u00e7irdiyseniz, \u015fu tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 duymu\u015fsunuzdur: do\u011frusal m\u0131, yoksa anahtarlamal\u0131 m\u0131? A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma tablosu, rakamlar\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Ancak ba\u011flam\u0131ndan kopuk rakamlar yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olabilir \u2014 bu nedenle her bir boyut a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"table-wrapper\">\n    <table>\n      <thead><tr><th>Boyut<\/th><th>Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131<\/th><th>Anahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 (SMPS)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr><td>Verimlilik<\/td><td>K\u0131rk ila altm\u0131\u015f bir bin \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz otuz \u00fc\u00e7<\/td><td>70\u201390%+<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Dalgalanmas\u0131 (RMS)<\/td><td>0,25\u20131,5 mV<\/td><td>10\u201325 mV<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>Boyut ve A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k<\/td><td>B\u00fcy\u00fck, a\u011f\u0131r<\/td><td>Kompakt, hafif<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>Devre Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td><td>Basit<\/td><td>Karma\u015f\u0131k<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>Elektromanyetik parazit \/ Radyo frekans\u0131 paraziti<\/td><td>\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek \u2014 ekranlama gerektirir<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>Ge\u00e7ici \u0130yile\u015fme<\/td><td>50\u2013100 \u00b5s<\/td><td>~300 \u00b5s<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td>Y\u00fck Reg\u00fclasyonu<\/td><td>0,005\u20130,21 TP3T<\/td><td>0,05\u20130,51 TP3T<\/td><\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n    <\/div>\n    <p style=\"font-size:13px;color:var(--text-secondary);margin-top:4px;\"><em>Kaynak: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acopian.com\/linear-power-supply-vs-switching-power-supply-vs-unregulated-power-supply.html\">Acopian G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n    <h3>Verimlilik ve Is\u0131 \u2014 Temel \u0130kilem<\/h3>\n\n    <p>Do\u011frusal ve anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki verimlilik fark\u0131, m\u00fchendisliksel bir iyile\u015ftirme meselesi de\u011fildir \u2014 bu fark, bunlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensiplerinin do\u011fas\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Do\u011frusal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131nda, seri ba\u011fl\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015f transist\u00f6r\u00fc her zaman iletken durumdad\u0131r, her zaman voltaj d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne neden olur ve her zaman g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketir. Y\u00fcke iletilmeyen her watt \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f voltaj fark\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funda verimlilik \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fer: 18V giri\u015ften elde edilen 5V \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f, giri\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn 70%\u2019sinden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 olarak bo\u015fa harcar.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 bu sorunu tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131ndaki transist\u00f6r \u2014 genellikle bir MOSFET \u2014 yaln\u0131zca iki durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: tamamen a\u00e7\u0131k (\u00fczerindeki gerilim s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu durumda) veya tamamen kapal\u0131 (i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en ak\u0131m s\u0131f\u0131ra yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu durumda). Her iki durumda da, gerilim ve ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131 \u2014 yani g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131 \u2014 ihmal edilebilir d\u00fczeydedir. Kay\u0131plar yaln\u0131zca k\u0131sa anahtarlama ge\u00e7i\u015fleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelir ve 50 kHz ile 1 MHz aras\u0131ndaki anahtarlama frekanslar\u0131nda, tek haneli miliohm seviyesinde a\u00e7ma direncine sahip modern MOSFET'ler bu kay\u0131plar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tutar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak: 100 W'l\u0131k bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 10 ila 15 watt'\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 olarak israf ederken, buna e\u015fde\u011fer bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 50 ila 60 watt'\u0131 israf eder.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bir benzetme: Do\u011frusal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 fren pedal\u0131na basarak kontrol eden bir s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye benzer \u2014 s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme sabit, israf sabittir. Anahtarlamal\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 ise, saniyede 100.000 kez frene hafif\u00e7e basan bir s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye benzer \u2014 ortalama frenleme kuvveti minimum d\u00fczeydedir ve enerjinin neredeyse tamam\u0131 ileriye do\u011fru harekete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n    <!-- BP-2: Formula Highlight -->\n    <div class=\"bp-2-card bd-reveal\">\n      <div class=\"bp-2-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><polygon points=\"13 2 3 14 12 14 11 22 21 10 12 10 13 2\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-2-formula\">P = (V<sub>i\u00e7inde<\/sub> \u2212 V<sub>d\u0131\u015far\u0131<\/sub>) \u00d7 I<sub>y\u00fckle<\/sub><\/div>\n      <p class=\"bp-2-subtitle\">Gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn her bir watt\u2019\u0131 \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bu tek denklem, do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n neden \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u2014 ve so\u011futucular\u0131n neden zorunlu oldu\u011funu \u2014 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h3>G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc ve Dalgalanma \u2014 Temiz G\u00fc\u00e7 Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/h3>\n\n    <p>Verimlilik, anahtarlaman\u0131n avantaj\u0131 ise, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc performans\u0131 do\u011frusal sistemin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131, dalgalanmay\u0131 neredeyse tamamen d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f \u015febeke frekans\u0131 \u2014 100 Hz veya 120 Hz \u2014 ve bunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck mertebeden harmoniklerinde \u00fcretir. Bu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekansl\u0131 bir dalgalanmad\u0131r; bu t\u00fcr dalgalanma, devrenin sonraki a\u015famalar\u0131nda filtrelenmesi nispeten kolayd\u0131r ve etkili bir \u015fekilde yay\u0131lmaz. Sonu\u00e7: \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc genellikle 1 mV RMS\u2019nin alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131, anahtarlama dalga formlar\u0131n\u0131n keskin kenarlar\u0131ndan geni\u015f bantl\u0131 g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00fcretir. Onlarca nanosaniye i\u00e7inde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanan bir MOSFET, onlarca megahertz\u2019e kadar uzanan frekans bile\u015fenleri \u00fcretir. Bu g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, iletim (\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kablolar\u0131 boyunca) ve yay\u0131l\u0131m (hava yoluyla) yoluyla yay\u0131l\u0131r ve hassas analog sinyalleri, te\u015fhis edilmesi zor ve sonradan d\u00fczeltilmesi daha da zor olan \u015fekillerde bozabilir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Pratikte bu neden \u00f6nemlidir? \u00dc\u00e7 somut \u00f6rnek:<\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n      <li><strong>Ses ekipmanlar\u0131<\/strong>: Bir \u00f6n amplifikat\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fc\u00e7 hatt\u0131ndaki 50 mV\u2019lik anahtarlama g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc, 40 dB\u2019lik bir kazan\u00e7tan sonra hoparl\u00f6rde 5 V\u2019luk duyulabilir bir h\u0131\u015f\u0131rt\u0131 ve u\u011fultuya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Kay\u0131t m\u00fchendisleri bu fark\u0131 duyabilir \u2014 m\u00fc\u015fterileri de \u00f6yle.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>Hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm<\/strong>: 2,5 V referans gerilimiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 16 bitlik bir ADC, bit ba\u015f\u0131na 38 mikrovolt kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sinyalleri alg\u0131layabilir. Bu seviyenin \u00fczerindeki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 dalgalanmas\u0131, do\u011frudan en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00f6nemli bitlerde titremeye yol a\u00e7ar \u2014 okumalar\u0131n\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde bir neden olmaks\u0131z\u0131n sapma g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>RF devreleri<\/strong>: Bir al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc amplifikat\u00f6r\u00fc (LNA), giri\u015findeki her \u015feyi \u2014 bant geni\u015fli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalan g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u2014 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. Anahtarlama harmonikleri, hayali sinyallere yol a\u00e7abilir veya g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc taban\u0131n\u0131, zay\u0131f istasyonlar\u0131n sesini bast\u0131racak kadar y\u00fckseltebilir.<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <h3>Boyut, A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve Maliyet \u2014 Pratik Ger\u00e7ekler<\/h3>\n\n    <p>Herhangi bir elektronik laboratuvar\u0131na girdi\u011finizde aradaki fark hemen g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. 100 W\u2019l\u0131k bir lineer masa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, masan\u0131n \u00fczerinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00f6rs gibi durur \u2014 bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131, transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn demir \u00e7ekirde\u011fi ve bak\u0131r sarg\u0131lar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur; ayr\u0131ca onlarca watt\u2019l\u0131k at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan al\u00fcminyum \u0131s\u0131 emici kanat\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Bir diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan 100 W\u2019l\u0131k bir anahtarlamal\u0131 adapt\u00f6r ise avucunuzun i\u00e7ine s\u0131\u011far.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 watt\u2019\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7 seviyelerinde, do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 fiyat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan rekabet\u00e7i kal\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc basitlikleri, hacimli transformat\u00f6r\u00fcn maliyetini telafi eder. 100 watt\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde ise anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 belirgin bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flar \u2014 do\u011frusal tasar\u0131mdaki bak\u0131r ve demir maliyeti, anahtarlamal\u0131 tasar\u0131mdaki silikon ve ferrit maliyetinden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 artar. Birka\u00e7 d\u00fczine watt\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerindeki \u00e7o\u011fu modern end\u00fcstriyel ve t\u00fcketici uygulamas\u0131nda, anahtarlamal\u0131 tasar\u0131mlar yaln\u0131zca ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan bile galip gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n    <!-- BP-3: Comparison at a Glance -->\n    <div class=\"bp-3-grid bd-reveal\">\n      <h4>\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"m5 12 4 4 5-5 5 5\"\/><path d=\"M19 3v4h-4\"\/><\/svg>\n        \u00d6zetle: Avantaj ve Dezavantajlar\n      <\/h4>\n      <table class=\"bp-3-table\">\n        <thead>\n          <tr><th><\/th><th>Do\u011frusal<\/th><th>Anahtarlama<\/th><\/tr>\n        <\/thead>\n        <tbody>\n          <tr>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-dim\">Verimlilik<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-dim-sub\">ne kadar y\u00fcksekse o kadar iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val lose\">40\u201360<span class=\"bp-3-unit\">%<\/span><\/div><div class=\"bp-3-badge worst\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val win\">80\u201395<span class=\"bp-3-unit\">%<\/span><\/div><div class=\"bp-3-badge best\">En iyi<\/div><\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n          <tr>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-dim\">Ripple<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-dim-sub\">ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse o kadar iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val win\">&lt;1 <span class=\"bp-3-unit\">mV<\/span><\/div><div class=\"bp-3-badge best\">En iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val lose\">10\u201325 <span class=\"bp-3-unit\">mV<\/span><\/div><div class=\"bp-3-badge worst\">Daha y\u00fcksek<\/div><\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n          <tr>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-dim\">A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-dim-sub\">ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse o kadar iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val lose\">A\u011f\u0131r<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-note\">1,5\u20132,5 kg (100 W)<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val win\">I\u015f\u0131k<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-note\">Kompakt, ta\u015f\u0131nabilir<\/div><\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n          <tr>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-dim\">EMI G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-dim-sub\">ne kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse o kadar iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val win\">\u00c7ok D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-badge best\">En iyi<\/div><\/td>\n            <td><div class=\"bp-3-val lose\">Y\u00fcksek<\/div><div class=\"bp-3-note\">Koruma gerektirir<\/div><\/td>\n          <\/tr>\n        <\/tbody>\n      <\/table>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>Ne Zaman Do\u011frusal Bir G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Se\u00e7melisiniz?<\/h2>\n\n    <p>Bu, \u201clineer mi, anahtarlamal\u0131 m\u0131\u201d konusundaki makalelerin \u00e7o\u011funun asla yan\u0131tlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sorudur \u2014 ve temel kavramlar\u0131 anlad\u0131ktan sonra as\u0131l \u00f6nem kazanan da budur.<\/p>\n\n    <p>\u00dc\u00e7 soru, t\u00fcm o g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda net bir \u015fekilde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n    <ol>\n      <li><strong>Uygulaman\u0131z g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye duyarl\u0131 m\u0131?<\/strong> Ses amplifikat\u00f6rlerini, hassas ADC\u2019leri, duyarl\u0131 RF al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 veya t\u0131bbi cihazlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z, lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n sundu\u011fu ultra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dalgalanma bir l\u00fcks de\u011fil, bir gerekliliktir. Bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 lineer seviyelere indirecek \u015fekilde filtrelemenin maliyeti ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman en ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren do\u011frudan bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanman\u0131n maliyetini a\u015far.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>Boyut veya a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k konusunda kat\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131n\u0131z var m\u0131?<\/strong> G\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kompakt bir muhafaza i\u00e7ine s\u0131\u011fmas\u0131 veya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyorsa \u2014 ta\u015f\u0131nabilir test ekipmanlar\u0131, drone y\u00fckleri, g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc saha cihazlar\u0131 gibi \u2014 anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 pratik bir se\u00e7imdir. Bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sadece transformat\u00f6r\u00fc bile toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>G\u00fc\u00e7 seviyen nedir?<\/strong> 50 W\u2019\u0131n alt\u0131nda her iki topoloji de i\u015fe yarar; g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re karar verin. 500 W\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde ise do\u011frusal tasar\u0131m pratik olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar \u2014 transformat\u00f6r ve so\u011futucu devasa boyutlara ula\u015f\u0131r ve israf edilen enerji nedeniyle aktif so\u011futma gerekecektir. 50 W ile 500 W aras\u0131nda ise bu, tam anlam\u0131yla bir m\u00fchendislik dengesi meselesidir.<\/li>\n    <\/ol>\n\n    <p>Bu sorular\u0131 ger\u00e7ek senaryolara g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirin:<\/p>\n\n    <ul>\n      <li><strong>Kay\u0131t st\u00fcdyosu \/ ses merakl\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in sistem<\/strong>: Do\u011frusal. Tart\u0131\u015fmaya yer yok. Sinyal zincirinin tamam\u0131 \u2014 mikrofon \u00f6n amplifikat\u00f6rleri, DAC\u2019ler, kulakl\u0131k amplifikat\u00f6rleri \u2014 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temizli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur ya da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>Laboratuvar tezgah\u0131 testleri<\/strong>: Do\u011frusal \u00f6zellikler \u00f6n plandad\u0131r. Bir devreyi karakterize ederken, g\u00f6zlemledi\u011finiz 2 mV\u2019luk sapman\u0131n ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131ndan kaynaklanan bir bozulma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmeniz gerekti\u011finde, temiz g\u00fc\u00e7 vazge\u00e7ilmez bir gerekliliktir.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>End\u00fcstriyel kontrol dolab\u0131 (DIN ray\u0131)<\/strong>: Anahtarlama \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor \u2014 verimlilik ve kompakt boyut daha \u00f6nemli hale geliyor \u2014 ancak ayn\u0131 kabin i\u00e7indeki analog sens\u00f6r \u00f6n u\u00e7lar\u0131, yine de yerel bir do\u011frusal reg\u00fclat\u00f6r kademesinden fayda g\u00f6rebilir.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>T\u0131bbi te\u015fhis cihazlar\u0131<\/strong>: Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k. Hassas analog \u00f6n u\u00e7 (EKG, EEG, nab\u0131z oksimetresi) genellikle do\u011frusal reg\u00fclasyon kullan\u0131r; dijital i\u015fleme ve ekran b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ise anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n      <li><strong>G\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc sistemler \/ IoT prototipleme<\/strong>: Anahtarlamal\u0131 d\u00fczenleme neredeyse her zaman yeterlidir. Belirli bir analog sens\u00f6r\u00fcn gerektirmesi durumunda, bir anahtarlamal\u0131 \u00f6n d\u00fczenleyicinin ard\u0131ndan yerle\u015ftirilen modern bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fme gerilimli (LDO) do\u011frusal d\u00fczenleyici, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn son birka\u00e7 milivoltluk k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 giderebilir.<\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n\n    <p>Bilmeye de\u011fer profesyonel bir p\u00fcf noktas\u0131 vard\u0131r: hibrit yakla\u015f\u0131m. Gerilimi verimli bir \u015fekilde hedef de\u011ferin hemen \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6n reg\u00fclat\u00f6r olarak kullan\u0131n, ard\u0131ndan kalan dalgalanmay\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir do\u011frusal reg\u00fclat\u00f6r ekleyin. Tektronix, efsanevi osiloskoplar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bu \u015fekilde \u00fcretmi\u015ftir ve bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00fcst d\u00fczey tezgah tipi g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in tercih edilen mimari olmaya devam etmektedir. Analog Devices\u2019in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, uygun son a\u015fama filtreleme \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahip modern anahtarlamal\u0131 reg\u00fclat\u00f6rler, art\u0131k saf bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131na k\u0131yasla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir performans kayb\u0131 olmadan 16 bitlik y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 ADC\u2019lere g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flayabiliyor \u2014 ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketimini yakla\u015f\u0131k % oran\u0131nda azalt\u0131yor (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/jp\/resources\/technical-articles\/powering-high-speed-analog-to-digital-converters-with-switching-power-supplies.html\">Analog Devices<\/a>). \u201cDo\u011frusal m\u0131, anahtarlamal\u0131 m\u0131\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 giderek \u201cdo\u011frusal ve anahtarlamal\u0131, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor\u201d \u015feklinde bir hal almaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n    <!-- BP-4: Decision Framework -->\n    <div class=\"bp-4-card bd-reveal\">\n      <div class=\"bp-4-head\">\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"6\"\/><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"2\"\/><\/svg>\n        <span>H\u0131zl\u0131 Karar Kontrol Listesi<\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"bp-4-items\">\n        <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n          <div class=\"bp-4-num\">1<\/div>\n          <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n            <div class=\"bp-4-q\">G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye duyarl\u0131 bir uygulama m\u0131?<\/div>\n            <div class=\"bp-4-a\">Evet <svg style=\"width:14px;height:14px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline;color:var(--accent-text)\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg> Varsay\u0131lan ayar lineerdir. Bir anahtarlamal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 lineer g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc seviyelerine indirecek \u015fekilde filtrelemek, genellikle en ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren lineer bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanmaktan daha pahal\u0131ya mal olur.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n          <div class=\"bp-4-num\">2<\/div>\n          <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n            <div class=\"bp-4-q\">S\u0131k\u0131 boyut veya a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 m\u0131 var?<\/div>\n            <div class=\"bp-4-a\">Evet <svg style=\"width:14px;height:14px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline;color:var(--accent)\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg> Anahtarlama, kazan\u0131r. Tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir do\u011frusal transformat\u00f6r, kompakt bir cihaz\u0131n toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fabilir.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"bp-4-item\">\n          <div class=\"bp-4-num\">3<\/div>\n          <div class=\"bp-4-text\">\n            <div class=\"bp-4-q\">G\u00fc\u00e7 seviyesi 500 W'\u0131n \u00fczerinde mi?<\/div>\n            <div class=\"bp-4-a\">Evet <svg style=\"width:14px;height:14px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline;color:var(--accent)\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg> Ba\u015fka bir se\u00e7ene\u011fe ge\u00e7mek tek pratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr. 50 W\u2019nin alt\u0131nda her ikisi de i\u015fe yarar \u2014 g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 karar vermenizde belirleyici fakt\u00f6r olarak de\u011ferlendirin.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>Bir Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131nda Nelere Dikkat Edilmelidir?<\/h2>\n\n    <p>Uygulaman\u0131z do\u011frusal bir besleme gerektiriyorsa, iyi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fcnitenin, kaliteden \u00f6d\u00fcn veren bir \u00fcniteden ne fark\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilmek, ileride sorunlarla u\u011fra\u015fmak zorunda kalman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nler. Be\u015f boyut \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n    <p><strong>1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikleri.<\/strong> Hat reg\u00fclasyonunu (giri\u015f gerilimi de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini) ve y\u00fck reg\u00fclasyonunu (y\u00fck ak\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini) kontrol edin. Kaliteli lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131, volt ba\u015f\u0131na 0,01%\u2019nin alt\u0131nda hat reg\u00fclasyonu ve 0,1%\u2019nin alt\u0131nda y\u00fck reg\u00fclasyonu sa\u011flar. Veri sayfas\u0131nda belirtilen dalgalanma ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc de\u011feri \u2014 sadece mV tepe-tepe de\u011feri de\u011fil, mV RMS cinsinden olan\u0131 aray\u0131n \u2014 ciddi bir enstr\u00fcman s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 1 mV RMS'nin alt\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak test ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 da okuyun: 10% y\u00fckte \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir dalgalanma de\u011feri, tam y\u00fckte 5 ila 10 kat daha k\u00f6t\u00fc olabilir.<\/p>\n\n    <p><strong>2. Koruma \u00f6zellikleri.<\/strong> A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ak\u0131m korumas\u0131 (OCP), a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 gerilim korumas\u0131 (OVP) ve termal kapatma, end\u00fcstriyel ortamlarda vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlard\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelliklere sahip olmayan bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, bir sorun olu\u015ftu\u011funda hem kendisini hem de devrenizi tahrip edebilir \u2014 ve er ya da ge\u00e7 mutlaka bir sorun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n    <p><strong>3. \u00dcretim kalitesi.<\/strong> M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse kasay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n. Transformat\u00f6re bak\u0131n \u2014 silikon \u00e7elik laminasyonlar, \u00e7ekirde\u011fin uygun oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir; \u015f\u00fcphe uyand\u0131racak kadar hafif bir \u00fcnite, titre\u015fime ve u\u011fultuya neden olan kalitesiz malzemeler kullan\u0131yor olabilir. Filtre kondansat\u00f6rlerine bak\u0131n \u2014 Japon markalar\u0131 (Nichicon, Rubycon, Panasonic), jenerik alternatiflere k\u0131yasla her zaman daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Is\u0131 emiciye bak\u0131n \u2014 boyutu c\u00f6mert mi, yoksa sonradan eklenmi\u015f gibi mi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor? Bir lineer g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi, so\u011futma marj\u0131yla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n    <p><strong>4. Sertifikalar.<\/strong> CE i\u015fareti, UL listeleme ve RoHS uyumu temel gerekliliklerdir, ay\u0131rt edici unsurlar de\u011fildir \u2014 ancak bunlar\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 bir tehlike i\u015faretidir. IEC 62368-1 (eski IEC 60950 standard\u0131n\u0131n yerini alan) gibi g\u00fcvenlik sertifikalar\u0131 ve EN 55032 S\u0131n\u0131f B\u2019ye uygun EMC uyumu, \u00fcreticinin sadece montaj de\u011fil, test ve uyum s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine de yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n    <p><strong>5. \u00dcreticinin itibar\u0131.<\/strong> Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc bir bile\u015fendir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fcretici tercih etmelisiniz \u2014 farkl\u0131 topolojiler aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fchendislik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00f6d\u00fcnle\u015fmeleri anlayacak kadar uzun s\u00fcredir g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fcreten, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin arkas\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir garanti ile duran ve ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funuzda teknik destek sunabilen bir \u00fcretici. Hem do\u011frusal hem de anahtarlamal\u0131 tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 anlayan bir tedarik\u00e7i, sadece \u00fcretti\u011fi her \u015feyi satmak yerine size d\u00fcr\u00fcst bir \u00f6neride bulunabilir.<\/p>\n\n    <h2>Enerji \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z \u0130\u00e7in Do\u011fru Se\u00e7imi Yapmak<\/h2>\n\n    <p>Bu makaleden tek bir fikir \u00e7\u0131karacaksan\u0131z, \u015funu unutmay\u0131n: Do\u011frusal bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 bir takasd\u0131r \u2014 verimlilik ve kompaktl\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda safl\u0131k ve basitlik. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen transist\u00f6r, ayn\u0131 zamanda enerjisini bo\u015fa harcayan transist\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Bu bir tasar\u0131m hatas\u0131 de\u011fildir; bu, topolojinin fiziksel bir ger\u00e7e\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>H\u0131zl\u0131 bir karar verme kural\u0131 olarak \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Devreniz verimlilik veya boyuttan \u00e7ok temiz g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flamaya \u00f6ncelik veriyorsa, do\u011frusal d\u00fczenleme muhtemelen do\u011fru se\u00e7imdir. Verimlilik ve g\u00fc\u00e7 yo\u011funlu\u011fu \u00f6n planda ise, anahtarlamal\u0131 d\u00fczenleme varsay\u0131lan se\u00e7enektir. Karars\u0131zsan\u0131z \u2014 ya da sisteminizde birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen gereksinimlere sahip hem analog hem de dijital b\u00f6l\u00fcmler varsa \u2014 anahtarlamal\u0131 \u00f6n d\u00fczenleyiciyi takiben do\u011frusal son d\u00fczenlemeyi i\u00e7eren hibrit yakla\u015f\u0131m bir uzla\u015fma de\u011fildir. Bu, en son teknolojidir.<\/p>\n\n    <p>Bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7mek dini bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu de\u011fildir. Evrensel olarak do\u011fru bir topoloji yoktur \u2014 yaln\u0131zca sizin \u00f6zel uygulaman\u0131za uygun olan\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130yi m\u00fchendisler her ikisini de anlar ve ard\u0131ndan do\u011fru arac\u0131 do\u011fru yere yerle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n\n    <!-- BP-cta-end: End CTA (Replaces OMCH closer paragraph) -->\n    <div class=\"bp-cta-end bd-reveal\">\n      <div class=\"bp-cta-end-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><rect width=\"20\" height=\"16\" x=\"2\" y=\"4\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"m22 7-8.97 5.7a1.94 1.94 0 0 1-2.06 0L2 7\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n      <p class=\"bp-cta-end-title\">Do\u011fru G\u00fc\u00e7 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Se\u00e7erken Yard\u0131ma m\u0131 \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z Var?<\/p>\n      <p class=\"bp-cta-end-subtitle\">\u0130ster do\u011frusal ister anahtarlamal\u0131 olsun, uygulaman\u0131za en uygun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n      <a class=\"bp-cta-end-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/contact\/\" target=\"_self\">\n        Bir m\u00fchendisle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\n        <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M5 12h14\"\/><path d=\"m12 5 7 7-7 7\"\/><\/svg>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <h2>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n\n    <ol>\n      <li>Acopian. \u201cG\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131: Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131, Anahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 ve D\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acopian.com\/linear-power-supply-vs-switching-power-supply-vs-unregulated-power-supply.html\">https:\/\/www.acopian.com\/linear-power-supply-vs-switching-power-supply-vs-unregulated-power-supply.html<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>Analog Devices. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131yla Y\u00fcksek H\u0131zl\u0131 Analog-Dijital D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclere G\u00fc\u00e7 Sa\u011flama.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/jp\/resources\/technical-articles\/powering-high-speed-analog-to-digital-converters-with-switching-power-supplies.html\">https:\/\/www.analog.com\/jp\/resources\/technical-articles\/powering-high-speed-analog-to-digital-converters-with-switching-power-supplies.html<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>Siglent NA. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 ve Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynaklar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/siglentna.com\/operating-tip\/difference-switching-linear-power-supply\/\">https:\/\/siglentna.com\/operating-tip\/difference-switching-linear-power-supply\/<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>OMCH. \u201cAnahtarlamal\u0131 G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/switch-mode-power-supply\/\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/switch-mode-power-supply\/<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>OMCH. \u201cOMCH Hakk\u0131nda.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/about-omch\/\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/about-omch\/<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>OMCH. Ana Sayfa. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/\">https:\/\/www.omch.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n    <\/ol>\n\n  <\/article>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \u2191\u2191\u2191 Fragment ends here. \u2191\u2191\u2191 -->\n<\/body><\/html>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nedir: Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, Di\u011fer T\u00fcrlerle Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Ne Zaman Tercih Edilmelidir? Do\u011frusal G\u00fc\u00e7 Kayna\u011f\u0131 Nedir? Do\u011frusal g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131, bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme transformat\u00f6r\u00fc ve do\u011frusal bir gerilim reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc kullanarak alternatif ak\u0131m (AC) \u015febeke elektri\u011fini sabit, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc bir do\u011fru ak\u0131m (DC) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir t\u00fcr do\u011fru ak\u0131m g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"What Is a Linear Power Supply: How It Works, How It Compares, and When to Choose One","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn what a linear power supply is, how it works, how it compares to switching power supplies (SMPS), and when to choose one for noise-sensitive applications.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12044","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mmlblog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12044","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12044"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12044\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12048,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12044\/revisions\/12048"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12044"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12044"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omch.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12044"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}